Preparation, characterization, and potential application of chitosan, chitosan derivatives, and chitosan metal nanoparticles in pharmaceutical drug delivery

Naturally occurring polymers, particularly of the polysaccharide type, have been used pharmaceutically for the delivery of a wide variety of therapeutic agents. Chitosan, the second abundant naturally occurring polysaccharide next to cellulose, is a biocompatible and biodegradable mucoadhesive polym...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Drug design, development and therapy development and therapy, 2016-01, Vol.10 (Issue 1), p.483-507
Main Authors: Ahmed, Tarek A, Aljaeid, Bader M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biocompatibility
Biodegradability
Biodegradation
Cellulose
characterization and application
Chemical compounds
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Chitosan
Chitosan - chemistry
chitosan derivatives
chitosan metal particles
Derivatives
DNA vaccines
Drug Carriers - chemistry
Drug delivery
Drug Delivery Systems
Drugs
Health aspects
Humans
Metal Nanoparticles
Metals
Microspheres
Molecular weight
Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology
Peptides
Pharmaceutical sciences
Pharmaceuticals
Pharmacology
Pharmacy
Polymers
Polysaccharides
Proteins
Review
Vaccines
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Summary:Naturally occurring polymers, particularly of the polysaccharide type, have been used pharmaceutically for the delivery of a wide variety of therapeutic agents. Chitosan, the second abundant naturally occurring polysaccharide next to cellulose, is a biocompatible and biodegradable mucoadhesive polymer that has been extensively used in the preparation of micro-as well as nanoparticles. The prepared particles have been exploited as a potential carrier for different therapeutic agents such as peptides, proteins, vaccines, DNA, and drugs for parenteral and nonparenteral administration. Therapeutic agent-loaded chitosan micro- or nanoparticles were found to be more stable, permeable, and bioactive. In this review, we are highlighting the different methods of preparation and characterization of chitosan micro- and nanoparticles, while reviewing the pharmaceutical applications of these particles in drug delivery. Moreover, the roles of chitosan derivatives and chitosan metal nanoparticles in drug delivery have been illustrated.
ISSN:1177-8881
1177-8881
DOI:10.2147/DDDT.S99651