Spatial analysis of canine leishmaniasis in an area of transmission of the semi-arid region of the State of Paraíba, Brazil

Visceral leishmaniasis is a widely distributed zoonosis and canine infection is an important indicator of risk for the occurrence of the disease in humans. The goal of this analysis was to study the spatial clustering of canine leishmaniasis (CL) in the municipality of Santa Luzia, state of Paraíba....

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Published in:Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria 2021-01, Vol.30 (1), p.e018620-e018620
Main Authors: Silva, Raizza Barros Sousa, Franco-Silva, Laysa Freire, Lima, Diana Azevedo, Freitas, Angélica Beatriz Araújo de Andrade, Ramalho, Walter Massa, Melo, Marcia Almeida de
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antibodies, Protozoan - blood
Brazil - epidemiology
Cities - epidemiology
Desert Climate
Dog Diseases - diagnosis
Dog Diseases - epidemiology
Dogs
Epidemiology
Geographic Information Systems
Leishmania infantum
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - diagnosis
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - epidemiology
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - veterinary
One Health
PARASITOLOGY
Spatial Analysis
VETERINARY SCIENCES
zoonosis
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Summary:Visceral leishmaniasis is a widely distributed zoonosis and canine infection is an important indicator of risk for the occurrence of the disease in humans. The goal of this analysis was to study the spatial clustering of canine leishmaniasis (CL) in the municipality of Santa Luzia, state of Paraíba. For this, 749 samples of canine plasma were tested using three serological tests. The dog was considered positive if it reacted in two serological tests. The location of the residences was performed with a Global Positioning System receiver (GPS Garmin® eTrex 30), and used to perform georeferencing and spatial analysis. The prevalence of CL was 15.49% and it was observed that most cases of the urban area were concentrated in the Frei Damião neighborhood, on the outskirts of the city, where a high-risk cluster for the occurrence of the disease was formed (p = 0.02; RR = 2.48). No statistically significant cluster was observed in rural areas. CL is widely distributed in the municipality of Santa Luzia in a heterogeneous manner and with a tendency to urbanization. The areas identified with high prevalence and highest risk should be prioritized to maximize the efficiency of the Visceral Leishmaniasis Surveillance and Control Program and minimize the chance of new canine and human cases.
ISSN:0103-846X
1984-2961
1984-2961
DOI:10.1590/S1984-296120201089