Complexity of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in South African HIV-Exposed Infants with Pneumonia

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause significant end-organ diseases such as pneumonia in HIV-exposed infants. Complex viral factors may influence pathogenesis including: a large genome with a sizeable coding capacity, numerous gene regions of hypervariability, multiple-strain infections, and tissu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2022-04, Vol.14 (5), p.855
Main Authors: Govender, Kerusha, Parboosing, Raveen, Camiolo, Salvatore, Hubáček, Petr, Görzer, Irene, Puchhammer-Stöckl, Elisabeth, Suárez, Nicolás M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
compartmentalization
Cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus - genetics
Cytomegalovirus Infections - epidemiology
Datasets
Disease
Ethics
Genomes
genotype
Genotypes
Hematological diseases
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
Hospitals
human cytomegalovirus
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Infant
Infants
Infections
Lung transplantation
multiple-strain infections
Next-generation sequencing
Patients
Pneumonia
South Africa - epidemiology
Statistical analysis
Transplants & implants
whole genome sequence
Whole genome sequencing
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Summary:Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause significant end-organ diseases such as pneumonia in HIV-exposed infants. Complex viral factors may influence pathogenesis including: a large genome with a sizeable coding capacity, numerous gene regions of hypervariability, multiple-strain infections, and tissue compartmentalization of strains. We used a whole genome sequencing approach to assess the complexity of infection by comparing high-throughput sequencing data obtained from respiratory and blood specimens of HIV-exposed infants with severe HCMV pneumonia with those of lung transplant recipients and patients with hematological disorders. There were significantly more specimens from HIV-exposed infants showing multiple HCMV strain infection. Some genotypes, such as UL73 G4B and UL74 G4, were significantly more prevalent in HIV-exposed infants with severe HCMV pneumonia. Some genotypes were predominant in the respiratory specimens of several patients. However, the predominance was not statistically significant, precluding firm conclusions on anatomical compartmentalization in the lung.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v14050855