Lippia origanoides and Thymus vulgaris Essential Oils Synergize with Ampicillin against Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli

• Published in: Microorganisms (Basel) 2024-08, Vol.12 (8), p.1702
• Main Authors: Bastida-Ramírez, Levi Jafet, Buendía-González, Leticia, Mejía-Argueta, Euridice Ladisu, Sandoval-Cabrera, Antonio, García-Fabila, María Magdalena, Pavón-Romero, Sergio Humberto, Padua-Ahumada, Monica, Santillán-Benítez, Jonnathan Guadalupe
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ampicillin; Antibacterial activity; antibiotic resistance; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Bacterial infections; Beta lactamases; Care and treatment; Carvacrol; Drug dosages; Drug resistance; Drug resistance in microorganisms; E coli; ESBL; Escherichia coli; essential oil interactions; Essential oils; Flowers & plants; In vitro methods and tests; Microemulsions; Microorganisms; Monoterpenes; Nosocomial infections; Oils & fats; Sesquiterpenes; Strains (organisms); Synergism; Synergistic effect; Thymol; Thymus vulgaris; β Lactamase
• ISSN: 2076-2607; 2076-2607
• DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081702

(1) Background: Could compounds such as monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes present in essential plant oils inhibit bacterial growth as an alternative to help mitigate bacterial resistance? The purpose of this study is evaluating the in vitro antibacterial effect of EO (LEO) and EO (TEO), individually and in combination with ampicillin, against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains; (2) Methods: Experimental in vitro design with post-test. The EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and were analyzed by GC. ESBL-producing strains used were selected from urine cultures and the and resistance genes were identified by end point PCR. The disk diffusion method was used for the susceptibility tests. The MICs and MBCs were determined by microdilution test. Finally, the interaction effect was observed by checkerboard assay; (3) Results: A 39.9% decrease in the growth of the strain thymol in TEO and 70.4% in carvacrol in LEO was shown, observing inhibition halos of 32 mm for both EOs. MICs of 632 and 892 μg/mL for LEO and 738 and 940 μg/mL for TEO were determined. Finally, it was observed that, at low doses, there is a synergistic effect between TEO + LEO and EOs + ampicillin; (4) Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that TEO and LEO have an inhibitory effect on ESBL-producing , suggesting that they are candidates for further studies in the formulation of antibiotics to reduce bacterial resistance to traditional antibiotics.