Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy combined with stereotactic body radiation therapy and GM-CSF for the treatment of advanced malignant PEComa: A case report

• Published in: Frontiers in oncology 2023-04, Vol.13, p.1045119
• Main Authors: Wang, Yunfan, Li, Weiling, Zuo, Xin, Min, Ke, Tang, Yuehua, Chen, Hong, Wang, Weimin, Zhou, Yan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: GM-CSF; immunotherapy; Oncology; PD-L1; PEComa; radiotherapy
• ISSN: 2234-943X; 2234-943X
• DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1045119

Perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasm (PEComa) is a rare mesenchymal tumour. Due to its low incidence, a standard treatment regimen for PEComa has not yet been established. Radiotherapy has a synergistic effect with PD-1 inhibitors and GM-CSF. We treated advanced malignant PEComa with a triple regimen of PD-1 inhibitor, SBRT and GM-CSF to provide better therapeutic effect. A 63-year-old woman was diagnosed with malignant PEComa after presenting with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. Despite two surgeries, the neoplasm eventually metastasized throughout the body. We formulated triple therapy with SBRT, a PD-1 inhibitor, and GM-CSF for the patient. The patient's local symptoms were controlled at the radiotherapy site, and the lesions at the unirradiated sites were also relieved. For the first time, a triple regimen of PD-1 inhibitor, SBRT and GM-CSF was used in the treatment of malignant PEComa and achieved good efficacy. Considering the lack of prospective clinical studies in PEComa, we believe that this triple therapy is a good-quality regimen for advanced malignant PEComa.