Increased Understanding of Stem Cell Behavior in Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Disorders by Use of Noninvasive Cell Imaging

Numerous neurodegenerative and neuromuscular disorders are associated with cell-specific depletion in the human body. This imbalance in tissue homeostasis is in healthy individuals repaired by the presence of endogenous stem cells that can replace the lost cell type. However, in most disorders, a ge...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Stem cells international 2016-01, Vol.2016 (2016), p.1-20
Main Authors: Deroose, Christophe M., Sampaolesi, Maurilio, Gheysens, Olivier, Quattrocelli, Mattia, De Waele, Liesbeth, Holvoet, Bryan, Verfaillie, Catherine M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes
Bone marrow
Clinical trials
Fibroblasts
Genes
Genomes
Huntingtons disease
Medicine
Neurons
Nuclear medicine
Parkinson's disease
Review
Stem cell research
Stem cells
Technology application
Transplantation
Transplants & implants
Traumatic brain injury
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Summary:Numerous neurodegenerative and neuromuscular disorders are associated with cell-specific depletion in the human body. This imbalance in tissue homeostasis is in healthy individuals repaired by the presence of endogenous stem cells that can replace the lost cell type. However, in most disorders, a genetic origin or limited presence or exhaustion of stem cells impairs correct cell replacement. During the last 30 years, methods to readily isolate and expand stem cells have been developed and this resulted in a major change in the regenerative medicine field as it generates sufficient amount of cells for human transplantation applications. Furthermore, stem cells have been shown to release cytokines with beneficial effects for several diseases. At present however, clinical stem cell transplantations studies are struggling to demonstrate clinical efficacy despite promising preclinical results. Therefore, to allow stem cell therapy to achieve its full potential, more insight in their in vivo behavior has to be achieved. Different methods to noninvasively monitor these cells have been developed and are discussed. In some cases, stem cell monitoring even reached the clinical setting. We anticipate that by further exploring these imaging possibilities and unraveling their in vivo behavior further improvement in stem cell transplantations will be achieved.
ISSN:1687-966X
1687-9678
1687-9678
DOI:10.1155/2016/6235687