Probiotics: Symbiotic Relationship with the Animal Host

Antibiotic growth-promoters in animal feeding are known to generate bacterial resistance on commercial farms and have proven deleterious effects on human health. This review addresses the effects of probiotics and their symbiotic relationship with the animal host as a viable alternative for producin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Animals (Basel) 2022-03, Vol.12 (6), p.719
Main Authors: Melara, Elvia Guadalupe, Avellaneda, Mavir Carolina, Valdivié, Manuel, García-Hernández, Yaneisy, Aroche, Roisbel, Martínez, Yordan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal diseases
animal host
Animal production
Animals
Antibiotics
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antimicrobial agents
Antioxidants
Bacteria
beneficial microorganism
Biomedical materials
Commercial farms
Digestive system diseases
Drinking water
Economics
Enzymes
Gastric juice
Gastrointestinal system
Gastrointestinal tract
Gram-positive bacteria
gut health
Immunomodulation
In vivo methods and tests
Intestine
Meat
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Natural products
Physiology
Poultry
Probiotics
Productivity
Review
Reviews
Salts
Sustainability
Yeasts
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Summary:Antibiotic growth-promoters in animal feeding are known to generate bacterial resistance on commercial farms and have proven deleterious effects on human health. This review addresses the effects of probiotics and their symbiotic relationship with the animal host as a viable alternative for producing healthy meat, eggs, and milk at present and in the future. Probiotics can tolerate the conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, such as the gastric acid, pH and bile salts, to exert beneficial effects on the host. They (probiotics) may also have a beneficial effect on productivity, health and wellbeing in different parameters of animal performance. Probiotics stimulate the native microbiota (microbes that are present in their place of origin) and production of short-chain fatty acids, with proven effects such as antimicrobial, hypocholesterolemic and immunomodulatory effects, resulting in better intestinal health, nutrient absorption capacity and productive responses in ruminant and non-ruminant animals. These beneficial effects of probiotics are specific to each microbial strain; therefore, the isolation and identification of beneficial microorganisms, as well as in vitro and in vivo testing in different categories of farm animals, will guarantee their efficacy, replicability and sustainability in the current production systems.
ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani12060719