The migration process and temperature effect of aqueous solutions contaminated by heavy metal ions in unsaturated silty soils

Adsorption-desorption experiments of three heavy metal ions (i.e., lead, copper, cadmium) in silty soil were carried out at different temperatures, and the microscopic characteristics of silty soil loaded with the three heavy metal ions were analyzed. A one-dimensional soil column was used to discus...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Heliyon 2024-05, Vol.10 (9), p.e30458-e30458, Article e30458
Main Authors: Bai, Bing, Bai, Fan, Hou, Jianpeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adsorption
ADSORPTION-DESORPTION MODEL
cadmium
calcite
Contaminant MIGRATION
copper
dolomite
heavy metals
hydrolysis
kaolinite
lead
mineral content
plagioclase
quartz
SATURATION PROCESS
silty soils
SOIL microstructure
soil water
temperature
Unsaturated SOIL
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Summary:Adsorption-desorption experiments of three heavy metal ions (i.e., lead, copper, cadmium) in silty soil were carried out at different temperatures, and the microscopic characteristics of silty soil loaded with the three heavy metal ions were analyzed. A one-dimensional soil column was used to discuss the influences of heavy metal ion types and concentrations on the soil moisture distribution and the migration level of different heavy metal ions, especially during the dynamic change process from an unsaturated state to a saturated state. Studies show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions onto silty soil is closely related to the mineral composition and functional groups in silty soil. In addition to physical adsorption, the adsorption of heavy metal ions is closely related to the hydrolysis reaction of mineral components such as kaolinite, calcite, dolomite, plagioclase and quartz. Under constant temperature, the types and concentrations of heavy metal ions play an important role in the moisture migration of unsaturated soil. In the presence of heavy metal ions, the penetration of lead ions is the greatest, followed by copper ions and then cadmium ions. The greater the ion concentration is, the stronger the penetration of heavy metal ions in silty soils. •Microscopic characteristics of a silty soil loaded with heavy metal ions were analyzed at different temperatures.•The migration process of heavy metal ions induced by the water-saturation process was revealed.•Three heavy metal ions in a silty soil were fitted by a typical adsorption-desorption model.•The presence of heavy metal ions reduced the water-holding capacity of silty soils and caused the preferential flow effect.
ISSN:2405-8440
2405-8440
DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30458