Deep 2-photon imaging and artifact-free optogenetics through transparent graphene microelectrode arrays

Recent advances in optical technologies such as multi-photon microscopy and optogenetics have revolutionized our ability to record and manipulate neuronal activity. Combining optical techniques with electrical recordings is of critical importance to connect the large body of neuroscience knowledge o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature communications 2018-05, Vol.9 (1), p.2035-12, Article 2035
Main Authors: Thunemann, Martin, Lu, Yichen, Liu, Xin, Kılıç, Kıvılcım, Desjardins, Michèle, Vandenberghe, Matthieu, Sadegh, Sanaz, Saisan, Payam A., Cheng, Qun, Weldy, Kimberly L., Lyu, Hongming, Djurovic, Srdjan, Andreassen, Ole A., Dale, Anders M., Devor, Anna, Kuzum, Duygu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Animal models
Brain
Cortex
Crosstalk
Fabrication
Genetics
Graphene
Humanities and Social Sciences
Information processing
Integration
Light penetration
Microelectrodes
Microscopy
multidisciplinary
Nervous system
Neuroimaging
Optics
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Technology
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Summary:Recent advances in optical technologies such as multi-photon microscopy and optogenetics have revolutionized our ability to record and manipulate neuronal activity. Combining optical techniques with electrical recordings is of critical importance to connect the large body of neuroscience knowledge obtained from animal models to human studies mainly relying on electrophysiological recordings of brain-scale activity. However, integration of optical modalities with electrical recordings is challenging due to generation of light-induced artifacts. Here we report a transparent graphene microelectrode technology that eliminates light-induced artifacts to enable crosstalk-free integration of 2-photon microscopy, optogenetic stimulation, and cortical recordings in the same in vivo experiment. We achieve fabrication of crack- and residue-free graphene electrode surfaces yielding high optical transmittance for 2-photon imaging down to ~ 1 mm below the cortical surface. Transparent graphene microelectrode technology offers a practical pathway to investigate neuronal activity over multiple spatial scales extending from single neurons to large neuronal populations. Optical imaging and manipulation technologies cannot be easily integrated with electrical recordings due to generation of light-induced artifacts. Here the authors report the optimization of transparent graphene microelectrode fabrication to achieve artifact-free electrical recordings along with deep 2-photon imaging in vivo.
ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/s41467-018-04457-5