Oxaliplatin-Related Hypersensitivity Reactions: A Single Institution Series and Literature Review

Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is extensively used for the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors and other malignancies. Oxaliplatin-related hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) are common during antitumor treatment. Several studies have been conducted to identify predictive risk factors for oxaliplatin...

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Published in:Biomedicines 2022-12, Vol.10 (12), p.3275
Main Authors: Barbin, Francesca, Ghidini, Michele, Panichi, Alessandra, Tomasello, Gianluca, Bareggi, Claudia, Galassi, Barbara, Denaro, Nerina, Ruatta, Fiorella, Cauchi, Carolina, Rossino, Maria Grazia, Garrone, Ornella
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergic reaction
Allergy
Anaphylaxis
Antihistamines
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Drug dosages
Emergency medical care
Histamine
Hypersensitivity
Hypotension
Literature reviews
Malignancy
Oxaliplatin
Patients
Physiological aspects
Risk factors
solid tumors
Steroid hormones
Steroids
Tumors
Urticaria
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Summary:Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is extensively used for the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors and other malignancies. Oxaliplatin-related hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) are common during antitumor treatment. Several studies have been conducted to identify predictive risk factors for oxaliplatin-related HSRs, but findings remain controversial. No definitive approach has been identified to reduce the risk of developing HSRs. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of oxaliplatin-related HSRs, and to report our institution's experience. With our work, we reviewed available data from the literature and described our case series. A total of 153 patients were treated with oxaliplatin and 17 developed an HSR. On the whole, 70.6% of reactions were Grade 3, mostly with respiratory and cutaneous symptoms. Steroids and antihistamines were administered to reduce hypersensitivity symptoms and prevent further reactions. A stronger premedication and prolonged time of infusion resulted in milder reactions or absence of subsequent reactions. We did not find any clear predictive factor for the development of HSRs. Although it is not possible to cancel the risk of oxaliplatin-based HSRs, strategies to reduce the risk of occurrence could be stronger premedication and prolonged time of infusion.
ISSN:2227-9059
2227-9059
DOI:10.3390/biomedicines10123275