Immune Actions on the Peripheral Nervous System in Pain

Pain can be induced by tissue injuries, diseases and infections. The interactions between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and immune system are primary actions in pain sensitizations. In response to stimuli, nociceptors release various mediators from their terminals that potently activate and re...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-02, Vol.22 (3), p.1448
Main Authors: Liu, Jessica Aijia, Yu, Jing, Cheung, Chi Wai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analgesics
Chemokines
Chemotherapy
Chronic pain
Cytokines
Growth factors
immune response
Immune system
Inflammation
Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
Lipids
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Macrophages
Molecular modelling
Monocytes
Nervous system
Neutrophils
Nociceptors
Pain
Pain perception
Peripheral nervous system
Recruitment
Review
Spinal cord
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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Summary:Pain can be induced by tissue injuries, diseases and infections. The interactions between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and immune system are primary actions in pain sensitizations. In response to stimuli, nociceptors release various mediators from their terminals that potently activate and recruit immune cells, whereas infiltrated immune cells further promote sensitization of nociceptors and the transition from acute to chronic pain by producing cytokines, chemokines, lipid mediators and growth factors. Immune cells not only play roles in pain production but also contribute to PNS repair and pain resolution by secreting anti-inflammatory or analgesic effectors. Here, we discuss the distinct roles of four major types of immune cells (monocyte/macrophage, neutrophil, mast cell, and T cell) acting on the PNS during pain process. Integration of this current knowledge will enhance our understanding of cellular changes and molecular mechanisms underlying pain pathogenies, providing insights for developing new therapeutic strategies.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms22031448