MicroRNAs-Mediated Regulation of Skeletal Muscle GLUT4 Expression and Translocation in Insulin Resistance

The solute carrier family 2 facilitated glucose transporter member 4 (GLUT4) plays a key role in the insulin-induced glucose uptake by muscle and adipose tissues. In prediabetes and diabetes, GLUT4 expression/translocation has been detected as reduced, participating in mechanisms that impair glycemi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of diabetes research 2017-01, Vol.2017 (2017), p.1-11
Main Authors: Esteves, João Victor, Machado, Ubiratan Fabres, Enguita, Francisco J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Diabetes
Epigenesis, Genetic
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation
Glucose
Glucose - metabolism
Glucose Transporter Type 4 - genetics
Homeostasis
Humans
Insulin resistance
Insulin Resistance - genetics
Kinases
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - metabolism
Muscle contraction
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Musculoskeletal system
Participation
Pathophysiology
Protein Transport
Proteins
Review
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Summary:The solute carrier family 2 facilitated glucose transporter member 4 (GLUT4) plays a key role in the insulin-induced glucose uptake by muscle and adipose tissues. In prediabetes and diabetes, GLUT4 expression/translocation has been detected as reduced, participating in mechanisms that impair glycemic control. Recently, a class of short endogenous noncoding RNAs named microRNAs (miRNAs) has been increasingly described as involved in the posttranscriptional epigenetic regulation of gene expression. The present review focuses on miRNAs potentially involved in the expression of GLUT4 expression, and proteins related to GLUT4 and translocation in skeletal muscle, seeking to correlate them with insulin resistance and diabetes. So far, miR-21a-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-93-5p, miR-106b-5p, miR-133a-3p, miR-133b-3p, miR-222-3p, and miR-223-3p have been reported to directly and/or indirectly regulate the GLUT4 expression; and their expression is altered under diabetes-related conditions. Besides, some miRNAs that have been linked to the expression of proteins involved in GLUT4 translocation machinery in muscle could also impact glucose uptake. That makes these miRNAs promising targets for preventive and/or therapeutic approaches, which could improve glycemic control, thus deserving future new investigations.
ISSN:2314-6745
2314-6753
DOI:10.1155/2017/7267910