Microsporidia Promote Host Mitochondrial Fragmentation by Modulating DRP1 Phosphorylation

Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that infect a wide variety of hosts ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates. These parasites have evolved strategies to directly hijack host mitochondria for manipulating host metabolism and immunity. However, the mechanism of microsporidia intera...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-07, Vol.23 (14), p.7746
Main Authors: Luo, Jian, Xu, Jinzhi, Xie, Chaolu, Zhao, Zuoming, Guo, Junrui, Wen, Yuan, Li, Tian, Zhou, Zeyang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Cytosol
Dephosphorylation
DRP1
Dynamin
Fragmentation
host–pathogen interaction
Infections
Metabolism
Microscopy
Microsporidia
Mitochondria
mitochondrial fragmentation
Morphology
Parasites
Pathogens
PGAM5
Phosphoglycerate mutase
Phosphorylation
Proteins
Serine
Vertebrates
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Summary:Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that infect a wide variety of hosts ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates. These parasites have evolved strategies to directly hijack host mitochondria for manipulating host metabolism and immunity. However, the mechanism of microsporidia interacting with host mitochondria is unclear. In the present study, we show that microsporidian Encephalitozoon greatly induce host mitochondrial fragmentation (HMF) in multiple cells. We then reveal that the parasites promote the phosphorylation of dynamin 1-like protein (DRP1) at the 616th serine (Ser616), and dephosphorylation of the 637th serine (Ser637) by highly activating mitochondrial phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5). These phosphorylation modifications result in the translocation of DRP1 from cytosol to the mitochondrial outer membrane, and finally lead to HMF. Furthermore, treatment with mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (Mdivi1) significantly reduced microsporidian proliferation, indicating that the HMF are crucial for microsporidian replication. In summary, our findings reveal the mechanism that microsporidia manipulate HMF and provide references for further understanding the interactions between these ubiquitous pathogens with host mitochondria.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23147746