A genomics perspective of personalized prevention and management of obesity

This review discusses the landscape of personalized prevention and management of obesity from a nutrigenetics perspective. Focusing on macronutrient tailoring, we discuss the impact of genetic variation on responses to carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and fiber consumption. Our bioinformatic analysis o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Human genomics 2024-01, Vol.18 (1), p.4-13, Article 4
Main Authors: Gkouskou, Kalliopi K, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G, Lazou, Evgenia, Vasilogiannakopoulou, Theodora, Sanoudou, Despina, Eliopoulos, Aristides G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Alzheimer's disease
Body fat
Body mass index
Body weight
Brain research
Carbohydrates
Cholesterol
Circadian rhythms
Diet
Exercise
Genes
Genetic diversity
Genomic analysis
Genomics
Glucose
Humans
Insulin
Life Style
Lifestyles
Lipid metabolism
Nutrients
Nutrigenetics
Obesity
Obesity - genetics
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity - therapy
Overweight
Precision medicine
Precision nutrition
Review
Syk protein
Weight control
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Summary:This review discusses the landscape of personalized prevention and management of obesity from a nutrigenetics perspective. Focusing on macronutrient tailoring, we discuss the impact of genetic variation on responses to carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and fiber consumption. Our bioinformatic analysis of genomic variants guiding macronutrient intake revealed enrichment of pathways associated with circadian rhythm, melatonin metabolism, cholesterol and lipoprotein remodeling and PPAR signaling as potential targets of macronutrients for the management of obesity in relevant genetic backgrounds. Notably, our data-based in silico predictions suggest the potential of repurposing the SYK inhibitor fostamatinib for obesity treatment in relevant genetic profiles. In addition to dietary considerations, we address genetic variations guiding lifestyle changes in weight management, including exercise and chrononutrition. Finally, we emphasize the need for a refined understanding and expanded research into the complex genetic landscape underlying obesity and its management.
ISSN:1479-7364
1473-9542
1479-7364
DOI:10.1186/s40246-024-00570-3