Animal Models of Hepatitis B Virus Infection-Success, Challenges, and Future Directions

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects more than 250 million people worldwide, which greatly increases the risk for terminal liver diseases, such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Even though current approved antiviral therapies, including pegylated type I interferon...

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Published in:Viruses 2021-04, Vol.13 (5), p.777
Main Authors: Liu, Yongzhen, Maya, Stephanie, Ploss, Alexander
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
animal model
Animal models
Antigens
Antiviral agents
Chronic infection
Cirrhosis
Genomes
Hepatitis B
hepatitis B virus
Hepatocellular carcinoma
humanized mice
Infections
Interferon
Liver
Liver cancer
Liver cirrhosis
Liver diseases
Pathogenesis
Review
species tropism
Transgenic animals
Tropism
Viremia
Viruses
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description Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects more than 250 million people worldwide, which greatly increases the risk for terminal liver diseases, such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Even though current approved antiviral therapies, including pegylated type I interferon (IFN) and nucleos(t)ide analogs, can effectively suppress viremia, HBV infection is rarely cured. Since HBV exhibits a narrow species tropism and robustly infects only humans and higher primates, progress in HBV research and preclinical testing of antiviral drugs has been hampered by the scarcity of suitable animal models. Fortunately, a series of surrogate animal models have been developed for the study of HBV. An increased understanding of the barriers towards interspecies transmission has aided in the development of human chimeric mice and has greatly paved the way for HBV research in vivo, and for evaluating potential therapies of chronic hepatitis B. In this review, we summarize the currently available animal models for research of HBV and HBV-related hepadnaviruses, and we discuss challenges and future directions for improvement.
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subjects animal model
Animal models
Antigens
Antiviral agents
Chronic infection
Cirrhosis
Genomes
Hepatitis B
hepatitis B virus
Hepatocellular carcinoma
humanized mice
Infections
Interferon
Liver
Liver cancer
Liver cirrhosis
Liver diseases
Pathogenesis
Review
species tropism
Transgenic animals
Tropism
Viremia
Viruses
title Animal Models of Hepatitis B Virus Infection-Success, Challenges, and Future Directions
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