Influence of Dietary Chitosan Feeding Duration on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in a Diabetic Rat Model

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-08, Vol.26 (16), p.5033
• Main Authors: Liu, Shing-Hwa, Feng, Shih-An, Chiu, Chen-Yuan, Chiang, Meng-Tsan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Alanine; Alanine transaminase; Angiopoietin; Animals; Blood glucose; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Chitosan; Chitosan - pharmacology; Cholesterol; diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent); Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - metabolism; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; Feeding; Glucose; Glucose - metabolism; glucose and lipid metabolism; High density lipoprotein; Insulin; Insulin - blood; Insulin - metabolism; Insulin Resistance; Kinases; Lipid metabolism; Lipid Metabolism - drug effects; Lipids; Lipids - blood; Lipoprotein lipase; Lipoproteins; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Male; Nicotinamide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rodents; Rosiglitazone; Streptozocin; Triglycerides; Tumor necrosis factor-α
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165033

This study was designed to investigate the influence of dietary chitosan feeding-duration on glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin and nicotinamide [a non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) model]. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as experimental animals and divided into short-term (6 weeks) and long-term (11 weeks) feeding durations, and each duration contained five groups: (1) control, (2) control + 5% chitosan, (3) diabetes, (4) diabetes + 0.8 mg/kg rosiglitazone (a positive control), and (5) diabetes + 5% chitosan. Whether the chitosan feeding was for 6 or 11 weeks, the chitosan supplementation decreased blood glucose and lipids levels and liver lipid accumulation. However, chitosan supplementation decreased plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, insulin levels, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity. Meanwhile, it increased plasma high-density lipoproteins (HDL)-cholesterol level, plasma angiopoietin-like-4 protein expression, and plasma triglyceride levels (at 11-week feeding duration only). Taken together, 11-week (long-term) chitosan feeding may help to ameliorate the glucose and lipid metabolism in a NIDDM diabetic rat model.