Phytochemistry, anti-diabetic and antioxidant potentials of Allium consanguineum Kunth

• Published in: BMC complementary and alternative medicine 2022-06, Vol.22 (1), p.154-154, Article 154
• Main Authors: Mahnashi, Mater H, Alqahtani, Yahya S, Alqarni, Ali O, Alyami, Bandar A, Alqahtani, Omaish S, Jan, Muhammad Saeed, Hussain, Fida, Islam, Zia Ul, Ullah, Farhat, Ayaz, Muhammad, Abbas, Muhammad, Rashid, Umer, Sadiq, Abdul
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ABTS; Allium; Allium consanguineum; alpha-Amylases; alpha-Glucosidases; Amylases; Animals; Antidiabetics; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - chemistry; Bioactive compounds; Blood; Blood Glucose; Blood sugar; Chloroform; Column chromatography; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diet therapy; DPPH; Enzymes; Free radicals; Gene expression; Glucose; Glucose tolerance; Glucose tolerance tests; Glucosidase; H2O2; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoglycemic agents; Hypoglycemic Agents - chemistry; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Immune system; Insulin resistance; Molecular docking; Molecular Docking Simulation; Nervous system; Pancreas; Phytochemistry; Planning; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Potassium; Type 2 diabetes; α-Amylase; α-Glucosidase; α-Glucosidase α-amylase
• ISSN: 2662-7671; 2662-7671; 1472-6882
• DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03639-5

The study was planned to investigate the phytochemicals, antidiabetic and antioxidant studies of A. consanguineum. The preliminary studies were performed on crude extract and different solvent fractions. Based on the potency, the chloroform fraction was semi-purified to phyto-fractions CHF-1 - 5. Furthermore, CHF-3 was subjected to isolation of pure compounds using column chromatography. The α-glucosidase, α-amylase and antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS, H O ) were performed on all samples. The in-vivo experiments on compounds 1 and 2 were also performed using oral glucose tolerance test. Docking studies were performed on α-glucosidase and α-amylase targets. Among all fractions, the chloroform fraction exhibited excellent activities profile giving IC values of 824, 55, 117, 58 and 85 μg/ml against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, DPPH, ABTS and H O targets respectively. Among the five semi-purified chloroform phyto-fractions (CHF-1-5), CHF-3 was the leading fraction in activities giving IC values of 85.54, 61.19 and 26.58 μg/ml against α-glucosidase, α-amylase and DPPH respectively. Based on the overall potency and physical amount of CHF-3, it was subjected to purification to get compounds 1 and 2. The two compounds were also found potent in in-vitro activities. The observed IC values for compound 1 were 7.93, 28.01 and 6.19 μg/ml against α-glucosidase, α-amylase and DPPH respectively. Similarly, the compound 2 exhibited IC of 14.63, 24.82 and 7.654 μg/ml against α-glucosidase, α-amylase and DPPH respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were potent in decreasing the blood glucose levels in experimental animals. Compounds 1 and 2 also showed interactions with the respective enzymes with molecular docking. We can conclude that A. Consanguineum is a rich source of natural antidiabetic agents. Bioguided isolation of compound 1 and 2 showed potential inhibitions in all tested in-vitro antidiabetic targets. Further, both the compounds were also able to decrease the blood glucose levels in experimental animals.