The Role of Vitamin D in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Implications for Graft-versus-Host Disease-A Narrative Review

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in immune modulation, which may influence the development of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This study aims to evaluate the impact of vitamin D levels and supplementation on the incidence of GvHD...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2024-09, Vol.16 (17), p.2976
Main Authors: Mancin, Stefano, Cangelosi, Giovanni, Matteucci, Sofia, Palomares, Sara Morales, Parozzi, Mauro, Sandri, Elena, Sguanci, Marco, Piredda, Michela
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bone marrow
Cytokines
Dietary Supplements
Female
Graft versus host disease
Graft vs Host Disease - blood
Hematology
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects
Humans
immune modulation
Immune system
Incidence
Intervention
Leukemia
Lymphocytes
Male
Metabolism
Mortality
Observational studies
review
Stem cell transplantation
Vitamin D
Vitamin D - administration & dosage
Vitamin D - blood
Vitamin D Deficiency - blood
Vitamin deficiency
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Summary:Vitamin D plays a crucial role in immune modulation, which may influence the development of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This study aims to evaluate the impact of vitamin D levels and supplementation on the incidence of GvHD in HSCT patients. A narrative review was conducted across PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Embase databases. The reviewed studies indicated widespread vitamin D deficiency among HSCT patients, with baseline levels ranging from 12.8 to 29.2 ng/mL. Supplementation protocols varied significantly, with dosages ranging from 1000 IU/day to 60,000 IU/week. Post-supplementation levels improved in some studies. Studies exploring the relationship between vitamin D and GvHD showed mixed results. Lower baseline vitamin D levels were associated with an increased risk of acute GvHD in some studies, while others found no significant correlation. However, a significant association between low levels of vitamin D and the incidence of chronic GvHD was observed. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in HSCT patients and may influence the risk of developing chronic GvHD. Future research should focus on larger and more rigorous studies to determine the optimal role of vitamin D as an adjuvant therapy in the context of HSCT.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu16172976