First dispersal records of the endangered banteng (Bos javanicus) in Thung Yai Naresuan West Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand

• Published in: Ecology and evolution 2024-06, Vol.14 (6), p.e11602-n/a
• Main Authors: Amorntiyangkul, Peerawit, Jornburom, Pornkamol, Pattanavibool, Anak, Suksavate, Warong, Klanprasert, Supalerk, Kaewvisat, Sahasawat, Thongthai, Thanadid
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biodiversity Ecology; Bos javanicus; camera trap; Cameras; Conservation Ecology; Dispersal; Ecosystem Ecology; Endangered species; Environmental protection; Forests; Global Ecology; Habitats; Landscape Ecology; large ungulate; Nature Notes; Poaching; Population decline; protected area; Protected areas; Recovery; Traps; Wildlife; Wildlife conservation; Wildlife management; Wildlife refuges; Wildlife sanctuaries
• ISSN: 2045-7758; 2045-7758
• DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11602

Banteng (Bos javanicus) is listed as an endangered species because of a global population decline of at least 50% over the last 25 years. The Western Forest Complex (WEFCOM) of Thailand has been identified as a priority site for banteng population recovery, and Huai Kha Keang Wildlife Sanctuary (HKK) is the most important source site for this species within the WEFCOM. We have provided evidence and discussed banteng dispersal from HKK to Thung Yai Naresuan West Wildlife Sanctuary (TYW). We sampled an area of 147 km2 in banteng habitat next to the border between HKK and TYW using camera traps. We divided the sampled area into four grid cells and placed camera traps during January to December 2022. We setup the camera traps near saltlicks and natural water sources, as important resources for banteng, to maximize capture probability. In total, 2835 trap days were obtained. Bantengs were captured in all seasons (RAI = 1.66), especially in dry dipterocarp forest, which contains the ground forage availability for banteng, and the low‐slope area with elevation 600–700 m adjacent to the border between HKK and TYW. The results highlighted that banteng, which had never been reported in TYW before, appeared there for the first time. They most likely dispersed from the population source in HKK and settled in a habitat that is considered suitable for them. The habitat management and protection are significant for the future recovery of banteng populations in the TYW and the rest of protected areas in the WEFCOM. This article provided evidence and discussed the first dispersal of endangered banteng from Huai Kha Keang Wildlife Sanctuary, the core area of the world natural heritage site in Thailand, to Thung Yai Naresuan West Wildlife Sanctuary where the species has never been reported.