Process Optimization for the Bioinspired Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Cordyceps militaris, Its Characterization, and Assessment of Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy

The promising therapeutic implications of nanoparticles have spurred their development for biomedical applications. An eco-friendly methodology synthesizes gold nanoparticles using Cordyceps militaris, an edible mushroom (Cord-Au-NPs), using a quality-by-design approach (central composite design). U...

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Published in:Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-09, Vol.16 (9), p.1311
Main Authors: Gawas, Girish, Ayyanar, Muniappan, Gurav, Nilambari, Hase, Dinesh, Murade, Vaishali, Nadaf, Sameer, Khan, Mohd Shahnawaz, Chikhale, Rupesh, Kalaskar, Mohan, Gurav, Shailendra
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antidiabetic activity
antioxidant activity
Antioxidants
Aqueous solutions
central composite design
Gold
green synthesis
Nanoparticles
Optimization techniques
Particle size
process optimization
R&D
Research & development
Spectrum analysis
Variables
Zinc oxides
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Summary:The promising therapeutic implications of nanoparticles have spurred their development for biomedical applications. An eco-friendly methodology synthesizes gold nanoparticles using Cordyceps militaris, an edible mushroom (Cord-Au-NPs), using a quality-by-design approach (central composite design). UV-visible spectroscopy analysis revealed an absorption peak at 540–550 nm, thus confirming the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. Cord-Au-NPs have a crystalline structure, as evidenced by the diffraction peaks. The zeta potential value of −19.42 mV signifies the stability of Cord-Au-NPs. XRD study shows gold facets and EDX analysis revealed a strong peak of spherical nanoparticles in the gold region with a mean particle size of 7.18 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.096. The obtained peaks are closely associated with phenolic groups, lipids, and proteins, as examined by FTIR, suggesting that they function as the reducing agent. Cord-Au-NPs exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activity. The method is eco-friendly, nontoxic, less time-consuming, and does not use synthetic materials, leading to higher capabilities in biomedical applications.
ISSN:1424-8247
1424-8247
DOI:10.3390/ph16091311