Associations of Physical Activity and Exercise with Health-related Outcomes in Patients with Melanoma During and After Treatment: A Systematic Review

Purpose: Although exercise medicine is recommended to counter treatment-related side-effects and improve health-related outcomes of patients affected by different cancers, no specific recommendations exist for patients with melanoma. As a result, we systematically examined the current evidence regar...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Integrative cancer therapies 2021, Vol.20, p.15347354211040757-15347354211040757
Main Authors: Crosby, Brendan J., Lopez, Pedro, Galvão, Daniel A., Newton, Robert U., Taaffe, Dennis R., Meniawy, Tarek M., Warburton, Lydia, Khattak, Muhammad A., Gray, Elin S., Singh, Favil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Body composition
Cardiorespiratory fitness
Clinical trials
Cognitive ability
Exercise
Melanoma
Patients
Physical activity
Physical fitness
Physical training
Quality of life
Review
Side effects
Skin cancer
Statistical analysis
Survival
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Summary:Purpose: Although exercise medicine is recommended to counter treatment-related side-effects and improve health-related outcomes of patients affected by different cancers, no specific recommendations exist for patients with melanoma. As a result, we systematically examined the current evidence regarding the effects of physical activity and exercise on objectively-measured and patient-reported outcomes among patients with melanoma. Methods: Searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases. This review included published data involving physical activity or exercise and objectively-measured or patient-reported outcomes of patients with cutaneous melanoma. The quality of included studies was assessed using the McMaster University Critical Appraisal Tool for Quantitative Studies. Results: Six studies including 882 patients with melanoma were included. Studies presented heterogeneity of design with 2 cross-sectional surveys, 2 retrospective analyses, and 2 non-randomized intervention trials. No statistically significant change in quality of life, fatigue, physical function, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, psychological distress, cognitive function, or treatment-related side-effects were attributable to physical activity or exercise. Importantly, physical activity or exercise during melanoma treatment or into survivorship did not adversely impact patients/survivors. Conclusion: In summary, physical activity or exercise did not adversely impact quality of life, objectively-measured or patient-reported outcomes in patients with melanoma. In addition, there is a paucity of quality studies examining the effects of physical activity or exercise on patients with melanoma throughout the cancer care continuum.
ISSN:1534-7354
1552-695X
DOI:10.1177/15347354211040757