Sorting Sox: Diverse Roles for Sox Transcription Factors During Neural Crest and Craniofacial Development

Sox transcription factors play many diverse roles during development, including regulating stem cell states, directing differentiation, and influencing the local chromatin landscape. Of the twenty vertebrate Sox factors, several play critical roles in the development the neural crest, a key vertebra...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in physiology 2020-12, Vol.11, p.606889
Main Authors: Schock, Elizabeth N, LaBonne, Carole
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
craniofacial development
neural crest
Physiology
SoxB1
SoxE
stem cells
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Summary:Sox transcription factors play many diverse roles during development, including regulating stem cell states, directing differentiation, and influencing the local chromatin landscape. Of the twenty vertebrate Sox factors, several play critical roles in the development the neural crest, a key vertebrate innovation, and the subsequent formation of neural crest-derived structures, including the craniofacial complex. Herein, we review the specific roles for individual Sox factors during neural crest cell formation and discuss how some factors may have been essential for the evolution of the neural crest. Additionally, we describe how Sox factors direct neural crest cell differentiation into diverse lineages such as melanocytes, glia, and cartilage and detail their involvement in the development of specific craniofacial structures. Finally, we highlight several SOXopathies associated with craniofacial phenotypes.
ISSN:1664-042X
1664-042X
DOI:10.3389/fphys.2020.606889