The Antibacterial and Larvicidal Potential of Bis-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-10, Vol.27 (21), p.7220
• Main Authors: Javed, Muhammad Rizwan, Salman, Mahwish, Tariq, Anam, Tawab, Abdul, Zahoor, Muhammad Kashif, Naheed, Shazia, Shahid, Misbah, Ijaz, Anam, Ali, Hazrat
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Acetylcholinesterase; Acetylcholinesterase - pharmacology; Aedes; Animals; Anopheles; Anti-Bacterial Agents - analysis; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; antibacterial activity; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Bacteria; Bioactive compounds; Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; Chromatography; Column chromatography; Comet assay; Culex; DNA damage; Drug resistance; E coli; Enzymes; Escherichia coli; Ethyl acetate; Hydrocarbons; Infrared analysis; Insecticide resistance; Insecticides; Insecticides - chemistry; Lactic acid; Lactic acid bacteria; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BCH-1; Larva; Larvae; Larvicides; Mass spectrometry; Metabolites; Mortality; mosquito larvicidal activity; Mosquitoes; Pathogens; Pesticide resistance; Phthalates; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Scientific imaging; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Staphylococcus aureus; Tails; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Toxicity; Tropical diseases; Vectors (Biology)
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217220

Lactic acid bacteria produce a variety of antibacterial and larvicidal metabolites, which could be used to cure diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria and to efficiently overcome issues regarding insecticide resistance. In the current study, the antibacterial and larvicidal potential of Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate isolated from BCH-1 has been evaluated. Bioactive compounds were extracted by ethyl acetate and were fractionated by gradient column chromatography from crude extract. Based on FT-IR analysis followed by GC-MS and ESI-MS/MS, the active compound was identified to be Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Antibacterial potential was evaluated by disk diffusion against (12.33 ± 0.56 mm inhibition zone) and (5.66 ± 1.00 mm inhibition zone). Larvicidal potency was performed against Say larvae, where Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate showed 100% mortality at 250 ppm after 72 h with LC of 67.03 ppm. Furthermore, after 72 h the acetylcholinesterase inhibition was observed as 29.00, 40.33, 53.00, 64.00, and 75.33 (%) at 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm, respectively. In comet assay, mean comet tail length (14.18 ± 0.28 μm), tail DNA percent damage (18.23 ± 0.06%), tail movement (14.68 ± 0.56 µm), comet length (20.62 ± 0.64 µm), head length (23.75 ± 0.27 µm), and head DNA percentage (39.19 ± 0.92%) were observed at 250 ppm as compared to the control. The current study for the first time describes the promising antibacterial and larvicidal potential of Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from that would have potential pharmaceutical applications.