Chemical Structure of the Lipid A component of Pseudomonas sp. strain PAMC 28618 from Thawing Permafrost in Relation to Pathogenicity

• Published in: Scientific reports 2017-05, Vol.7 (1), p.2168-12, Article 2168
• Main Authors: Park, Han-Gyu, Sathiyanarayanan, Ganesan, Hwang, Cheol-Hwan, Ann, Da-Hee, Kim, Jung-Ho, Bang, Geul, Jang, Kyoung-Soon, Ryu, Hee Wook, Lee, Yoo Kyung, Yang, Yung-Hun, Kim, Yun-Gon
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 101/58; 45/23; 631/92/287/1190; 631/92/287/1194; Bacteria; Climate change; Glucosamine; Gram-negative bacteria; Humanities and Social Sciences; Lipid A; Lipid A - chemistry; Lipids; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; multidisciplinary; Pathogenicity; Pathogens; Permafrost; Permafrost - microbiology; Phenotype; Phylogeny; Plant Diseases; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas - classification; Pseudomonas - pathogenicity; Pseudomonas - physiology; Rot; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Soil Microbiology; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thawing
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02145-w

Climate change causes permafrost thawing, and we are confronted with the unpredictable risk of newly discovered permafrost microbes that have disease-causing capabilities. Here, we first characterized the detailed chemical structure of the lipid A moiety from a Pseudomonas species that was isolated from thawing arctic permafrost using MALDI-based mass spectrometric approaches (i.e., MALDI-TOF MS and MALDI-QIT-TOF MS n ). The MALDI multi-stage mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of lipid A extracted from the Pseudomonas sp . strain PAMC 28618 demonstrated that the hexaacyl lipid A ([M−H] − at m/z 1616.5) contains a glucosamine (GlcN) disaccharide backbone, two phosphates, four main acyl chains and two branched acyl chains. Moreover, the lipid A molecule–based structural activity relationship with other terrestrial Gram-negative bacteria indicated that strain PAMC 28618 has an identical lipid A structure with the mesophilic Pseudomonas cichorii which can cause rot disease in endive ( Cichorium endivia ) and that their bacterial toxicities were equivalent. Therefore, the overall lipid A validation process provides a general strategy for characterizing bacteria that have been isolated from arctic permafrost and analyzing their respective pathogenicities.