Melatonin suppresses the antiviral immune response to EMCV infection through intracellular ATP deprivation caused by mitochondrial fragmentation

Melatonin, a sleep hormone derived from the pineal gland, has an anti-inflammatory effect on the immune system in addition to modulating the brain nervous system. Previous studies have shown that melatonin suppresses signaling pathways downstream of multiple pattern recognition receptors on the inna...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Heliyon 2022-10, Vol.8 (10), p.e11149-e11149, Article e11149
Main Authors: Kikuchi, Mariko, Kadena, Miki, Fukamachi, Haruka, Takaki, Takashi, Matsui, Shohei, Hoashi-Takiguchi, Sumire, Morisaki, Hirobumi, Trtić, Nataša, Mori, Mina, Kurosawa, Mie, Itsumi, Momoe, Funatsu, Takahiro, Sakurai, Atsuo, Shintani, Seikou, Kato, Hiroki, Fujita, Takashi, Maruoka, Yasubumi, Kuwata, Hirotaka
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antiviral immunity
Cytokines
Inflammation
Innate immunity
Melatonin
Mitochondria
Neuro-immunology
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Melatonin, a sleep hormone derived from the pineal gland, has an anti-inflammatory effect on the immune system in addition to modulating the brain nervous system. Previous studies have shown that melatonin suppresses signaling pathways downstream of multiple pattern recognition receptors on the innate immune cells during pathogen infection, but the specific mechanism of suppression has not been well understood. Using an encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) infection model in macrophages, we investigated the effects of melatonin on the antiviral response in innate immunity and found that melatonin attenuated the uptake of viral particles into macrophages. Furthermore, melatonin suppressed cytoskeletal regulation by decreasing ATP production by mitochondria. Finally, in an in vivo infection experiment, we also found that melatonin administration partially exacerbated the infection in the mouse brain. These results suggest that melatonin may have an inhibitory effect on excessive inflammation by suppressing cytoskeletal regulation in the innate immune system, but also suggest that suppression of inflammation may lead to insufficient protection against EMCV infection in vivo. Innate immunity; Inflammation; Antiviral immunity; Melatonin; Neuro-immunology; Cytokines; Mitochondria.
ISSN:2405-8440
2405-8440
DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11149