Improvements in Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Levels after a Weight-Loss Lifestyle Intervention in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and systemic inflammation typically coexist within a vicious cycle. This study aimed at exploring the effectiveness of a weight-loss lifestyle intervention in reducing plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), a well-established modulator of systematic inflammation in...

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Published in:Life (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-08, Vol.12 (8), p.1252
Main Authors: Georgoulis, Michael, Yiannakouris, Nikos, Tenta, Roxane, Kechribari, Ioanna, Lamprou, Kallirroi, Vagiakis, Emmanouil, Kontogianni, Meropi D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol
Apnea
Body mass index
Body weight
Communication
Dairy products
Diet
dietary intervention
Dietitians
Food
Grain
Inflammation
Intervention
Legumes
Lifestyles
Meat
obstructive sleep apnea
Olive oil
Overweight
Plasma
Questionnaires
Sleep
Sleep apnea
Sleep disorders
sleep-disordered breathing
tumor necrosis factor alpha
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Tumor necrosis factor-α
Weight loss
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Summary:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and systemic inflammation typically coexist within a vicious cycle. This study aimed at exploring the effectiveness of a weight-loss lifestyle intervention in reducing plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), a well-established modulator of systematic inflammation in OSA. Eighty-four adult, overweight patients with a diagnosis of moderate-to-severe OSA were randomized to a standard care (SCG, n = 42) or a Mediterranean lifestyle group (MLG, n = 42). Both groups were prescribed continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), while the MLG additionally participated in a 6-month behavioral intervention aiming at healthier weight and lifestyle habits according to the Mediterranean pattern. Plasma TNF-a was measured by an immunoenzymatic method both pre- and post-intervention. Drop-out rates were 33% (n = 14) for the SCG and 24% (n = 10) for the MLG. Intention-to-treat analysis (n = 84) revealed a significant decrease in median TNF-a only in the MLG (from 2.92 to 2.00 pg/mL, p = 0.001). Compared to the SCG, the MLG exhibited lower follow-up TNF-a levels (mean difference adjusted for age, sex, baseline TNF-a and CPAP use: −0.97 pg/mL, p = 0.014), and further controlling for weight loss did not attenuate this difference (p = 0.020). Per protocol analyses (n = 60) revealed similar results. In conclusion, a healthy lifestyle intervention can lower plasma TNF-a levels in patients with OSA.
ISSN:2075-1729
2075-1729
DOI:10.3390/life12081252