Aquaporin-9 in the Brain Inflammatory Response: Evidence from Mice Injected with the Parkinsonogenic Toxin MPP

More than 20 years have passed since the first demonstration of Aquaporin-9 (AQP9) in the brain. Yet its precise localization and function in brain tissue remain unresolved. In peripheral tissues, AQP9 is expressed in leukocytes where it is involved in systemic inflammation processes. In this study,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-03, Vol.13 (4), p.588
Main Authors: Zahl, Soulmaz, Skauli, Nadia, Stahl, Katja, Prydz, Agnete, Frey, Mina Martine, Dissen, Erik, Ottersen, Ole Petter, Amiry-Moghaddam, Mahmood
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
AQP9
aquaglyceroporin
Aquaporins
Aquaporins - genetics
astrocyte
Astrocytes
Astrocytes - metabolism
Basal ganglia
Brain
Brain - metabolism
Cells
Central nervous system diseases
Cold
Encephalitis
Enzymes
Females
Flow cytometry
Gender
Gene deletion
Health aspects
Inflammation
Laboratory animals
Leukocytes
Localization
Males
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Mice
microglia
Microglial cells
Movement disorders
MPP
Neurodegenerative Diseases
neuroinflammation
Physiological aspects
substantia nigra
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Summary:More than 20 years have passed since the first demonstration of Aquaporin-9 (AQP9) in the brain. Yet its precise localization and function in brain tissue remain unresolved. In peripheral tissues, AQP9 is expressed in leukocytes where it is involved in systemic inflammation processes. In this study, we hypothesized that AQP9 plays a proinflammatory role in the brain, analogous to its role in the periphery. We also explored whether is expressed in microglial cells, which would be supportive of this hypothesis. Our results show that targeted deletion of significantly suppressed the inflammatory response to the parkinsonian toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP ). This toxin induces a strong inflammatory response in brain. After intrastriatal injections of MPP , the increase in transcript levels of proinflammatory genes was less pronounced in AQP9 mice compared with wild-type controls. Further, in isolated cell subsets, validated by flow cytometry we demonstrated that Aqp9 transcripts are expressed in microglial cells, albeit at lower concentrations than in astrocytes. The present analysis provides novel insight into the role of AQP9 in the brain and opens new avenues for research in the field of neuroinflammation and chronic neurodegenerative disease.
ISSN:2218-273X
2218-273X
DOI:10.3390/biom13040588