The Heritage Building Information Modeling Methodology for Structural Diagnosis: An Integrated System of Digital Models for the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Pisa

• Published in: Heritage 2024-11, Vol.7 (11), p.6366-6391
• Main Authors: Bartolini, Giada, De Falco, Anna, Gianfranceschi, Lorenzo, Martino, Massimiliano, Vignali, Laura
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Building information modeling; Collaboration; Cultural heritage; Cultural property, Protection of; documentation; H-BIM; historical building; Methods; NURBS-based model; Virtual reality; VR environment
• ISSN: 2571-9408; 2571-9408
• DOI: 10.3390/heritage7110298

The structural diagnosis of monumental buildings necessitates organizing diverse cross-disciplinary data. The H-BIM procedure employs 3D digital models to create a comprehensive virtual repository, offering advantages in documentation access, interoperability, intervention design, cost evaluation, and maintenance management. This work proposes an approach to combining different models while addressing interoperability challenges by best exploiting their positive characteristics. After evaluating the advantages and limitations of textured-mesh and NURBS-based models, and virtual reality environments based on specific comparison criteria, an integrated system of these models within the H-BIM framework is proposed. The latter is applied to study the relevant case of the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Pisa, Italy. The integrated H-BIM model is designed primarily to facilitate the structural diagnosis of the monument, and illustrates how combining different 3D representations, each providing multiple information with different levels of detail, enhances its capabilities. This integration results in a more effective tool for the multidisciplinary conservation of cultural heritage, accommodating a wide range of data beyond structural aspects, thus fostering collaboration among professionals from various fields of expertise.