Challenges and Mitigation Measures in Power Systems with High Share of Renewables—The Australian Experience

Australia is one of the leading countries in energy transition, and its largest power system is intended to securely operate with up to 75% of variable renewable generation by 2025. High-inertia synchronous condensers, battery energy storage systems, and grid-forming converters are some of the techn...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2022-01, Vol.15 (2), p.429
Main Authors: Arraño-Vargas, Felipe, Shen, Zhiwei, Jiang, Shan, Fletcher, John, Konstantinou, Georgios
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative energy sources
battery energy storage system (BESS)
Clean energy
Condensers
Condensers (liquefiers)
Converters
Energy resources
Energy storage
Frequency dependence
Frequency response
Generators
inverter-based resource (IBR)
low-inertia system
Mitigation
Power plants
Renewable resources
Storage systems
synchronous condenser (SynCon)
system strength
Systems stability
weak grid
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Summary:Australia is one of the leading countries in energy transition, and its largest power system is intended to securely operate with up to 75% of variable renewable generation by 2025. High-inertia synchronous condensers, battery energy storage systems, and grid-forming converters are some of the technologies supporting this transformation while facilitating the secure operation of the grid. Synchronous condensers have enabled 2500 MW of solar and wind generation in the state of South Australia, reaching minimum operational demands of ≈100 MW. Grid-scale battery energy storage systems have demonstrated not only market benefits by cutting costs to consumers but also essential grid services during contingencies. Fast frequency response, synthetic inertia, and high fault currents are some of the grid-supporting capabilities provided by new developments that strengthen the grid while facilitating the integration of new renewable energy hubs. This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview, based on the Australian experience, of how power systems are overcoming expected challenges while continuing to integrate secure, low cost, and clean energy.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en15020429