Spatiotemporal lipid profiling during early embryo development of Xenopus laevis using dynamic ToF-SIMS imaging

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) imaging has been used for the direct analysis of single intact Xenopus laevis embryo surfaces, locating multiple lipids during fertilization and the early embryo development stages with subcellular lateral resolution (∼4 μm). The method avoid...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of lipid research 2014-09, Vol.55 (9), p.1970-1980
Main Authors: Tian, Hua, Fletcher, John S., Thuret, Raphael, Henderson, Alex, Papalopulu, Nancy, Vickerman, John C., Lockyer, Nicholas P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
embryo
Embryonic Development
Female
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Lipid Metabolism
Male
Mass Spectrometry
mass spectrometry imaging
Methods
oocyte
time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry
Xenopus laevis - embryology
Xenopus laevis - metabolism
Zygote - metabolism
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Summary:Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) imaging has been used for the direct analysis of single intact Xenopus laevis embryo surfaces, locating multiple lipids during fertilization and the early embryo development stages with subcellular lateral resolution (∼4 μm). The method avoids the complicated sample preparation for lipid analysis of the embryos, which requires selective chemical extraction of a pool of samples and chromatographic separation, while preserving the spatial distribution of biological species. The results show ToF-SIMS is capable of profiling multiple components (e.g., glycerophosphocholine, SM, cholesterol, vitamin E, diacylglycerol, and triacylglycerol) in a single X. laevis embryo. We observe lipid remodeling during fertilization and early embryo development via time course sampling. The study also reveals the lipid distribution on the gamete fusion site. The methodology used in the study opens the possibility of studying developmental biology using high resolution imaging MS and of understanding the functional role of the biological molecules.
ISSN:0022-2275
1539-7262
DOI:10.1194/jlr.D048660