Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cardiovascular and Aortic Disease: A Narrative Review on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), composed of DNA, histones, and antimicrobial proteins, are released by neutrophils in response to pathogens but are also recognized for their involvement in a range of pathological processes, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. T...

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Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-04, Vol.25 (7), p.3983
Main Authors: Ibrahim, Nahla, Eilenberg, Wolf, Neumayer, Christoph, Brostjan, Christine
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
abdominal aortic aneurysm
Aneurysms
Antimicrobial agents
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
Aortic aneurysms
aortic disease
Atherosclerosis
Autophagy
B cells
Blood clot
cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular System
Chemokines
COVID-19
Cytokines
Development and progression
DNA binding proteins
Extracellular Traps
Health aspects
Heart attack
Histones
Humans
Inflammation
Medical research
Mitochondrial DNA
Myocardial Infarction
neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)
Neutrophils
Pathogenesis
Pathogens
Pathology
Proteins
Thrombosis
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Eilenberg, Wolf
Neumayer, Christoph
Brostjan, Christine
description Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), composed of DNA, histones, and antimicrobial proteins, are released by neutrophils in response to pathogens but are also recognized for their involvement in a range of pathological processes, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. This review explores the intricate roles of NETs in different cardiovascular conditions such as thrombosis, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, COVID-19, and particularly in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms. We elucidate the mechanisms underlying NET formation and function, provide a foundational understanding of their biological significance, and highlight the contribution of NETs to inflammation, thrombosis, and tissue remodeling in vascular disease. Therapeutic strategies for preventing NET release are compared with approaches targeting components of formed NETs in cardiovascular disease. Current limitations and potential avenues for clinical translation of anti-NET treatments are discussed.
doi_str_mv 10.3390/ijms25073983
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subjects abdominal aortic aneurysm
Aneurysms
Antimicrobial agents
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
Aortic aneurysms
aortic disease
Atherosclerosis
Autophagy
B cells
Blood clot
cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular System
Chemokines
COVID-19
Cytokines
Development and progression
DNA binding proteins
Extracellular Traps
Health aspects
Heart attack
Histones
Humans
Inflammation
Medical research
Mitochondrial DNA
Myocardial Infarction
neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)
Neutrophils
Pathogenesis
Pathogens
Pathology
Proteins
Thrombosis
title Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cardiovascular and Aortic Disease: A Narrative Review on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting
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