Modeling blood-brain barrier pathology in cerebrovascular disease in vitro: current and future paradigms

The complexity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neurovascular unit (NVU) was and still is a challenge to bridge. A highly selective, restrictive and dynamic barrier, formed at the interface of blood and brain, the BBB is a "gatekeeper" and guardian of brain homeostasis and it also acts...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fluids and barriers of the CNS 2020-07, Vol.17 (1), p.44-21, Article 44
Main Authors: Andjelkovic, Anuska V, Stamatovic, Svetlana M, Phillips, Chelsea M, Martinez-Revollar, Gabriela, Keep, Richard F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Analysis
Astrocytes - physiology
Blood-brain barrier
Blood-Brain Barrier - immunology
Blood-Brain Barrier - pathology
Blood-Brain Barrier - physiopathology
Brain
Brain vascular malformation
Carotid arteries
Cerebrovascular disease
Cerebrovascular diseases
Cerebrovascular Disorders - immunology
Cerebrovascular Disorders - pathology
Cerebrovascular Disorders - physiopathology
Dementia
Diabetes
Drug delivery
Endothelial Cells - physiology
Hemorrhage
Homeostasis
Humans
Hypertension
In vitro models
In Vitro Techniques
Models, Neurological
Mutation
Neurons - physiology
Neurovascular units
Pathology
Review
Risk factors
Smooth muscle
Stroke
Thromboembolism
Tight Junctions - physiology
Vascular dementia
Vascular diseases
Veins & arteries
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Summary:The complexity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neurovascular unit (NVU) was and still is a challenge to bridge. A highly selective, restrictive and dynamic barrier, formed at the interface of blood and brain, the BBB is a "gatekeeper" and guardian of brain homeostasis and it also acts as a "sensor" of pathological events in blood and brain. The majority of brain and cerebrovascular pathologies are associated with BBB dysfunction, where changes at the BBB can lead to or support disease development. Thus, an ultimate goal of BBB research is to develop competent and highly translational models to understand mechanisms of BBB/NVU pathology and enable discovery and development of therapeutic strategies to improve vascular health and for the efficient delivery of drugs. This review article focuses on the progress being made to model BBB injury in cerebrovascular diseases in vitro.
ISSN:2045-8118
2045-8118
DOI:10.1186/s12987-020-00202-7