The inverted U-shaped association between blood fibrinogen and rehospitalization risk in patients with heart failure

• Published in: Scientific reports 2024-07, Vol.14 (1), p.15060-9, Article 15060
• Main Authors: Xu, Zhenyan, Liu, Hualong, Zhu, Meilan, Huang, Ying
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/45; 692/53; 704/47; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers - blood; Blood; Blood levels; Cardiovascular diseases; China - epidemiology; Chinese population; Congestive heart failure; Death; Death risk; Female; Fibrinogen; Fibrinogen - analysis; Fibrinogen - metabolism; Health risks; Heart diseases; Heart failure; Heart Failure - blood; Heart Failure - mortality; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mortality; multidisciplinary; Patient Readmission; Patients; Prognosis; Readmission risk; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Thromboembolism; Thrombosis
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66002-3

Fibrinogen, a biomarker of thrombosis and inflammation, is related to a high risk for cardiovascular diseases. However, studies on the prognostic value of blood fibrinogen concentrations for heart failure (HF) patients are few and controversial. We performed a retrospective analysis among acute or deteriorating chronic HF patients admitted to a hospital in Sichuan, China, between 2016 and 2019, integrating electronic health care records and external outcome data (N = 1532). During 6 months of follow-up, 579 HF patients were readmitted within 6 months, and 46 of them died. Surprisingly, we found an inverted U-shaped association of blood fibrinogen levels with risk of readmission within 6 months but not with risk of death within 6 months. It was found that HF patients had the highest risk for readmission within 6 months after reaching the turning point for blood fibrinogen (2.4 g/L). In HF patients with low fibrinogen levels  2.4 g/L). The effect difference for the two subgroups was significant ( P  = 0.014). However, we did not observe any association between blood fibrinogen and death within 6 months stratified by the turning point, and the effect difference for the stratification was not significant ( P  = 0.380). We observed an inverted U-shaped association between blood fibrinogen and rehospitalization risk in HF patients for the first time. Additionally, our results did not support that elevated blood fibrinogen was related to increased death risk after discharge.