Elucidating genetic variability between randomly bred domestic cats and Persian domestic cats from different geographical locations using microsatellite markers

• Published in: Veterinary medicine and science 2024-11, Vol.10 (6), p.e70004-n/a
• Main Authors: Mahmoodi, Shirin, Rajeoni, Ali Hojabr, Zeinolabedini, Mehrshad, Javanmard, Arash, Banabazi, Mohammad Hossein
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alleles; Animal and Dairy Science; Animals; Annealing; Cats; Cats - genetics; Domestic animals; domestic cat; Female; Genetic analysis; Genetic distance; Genetic diversity; Genetic markers; Genetic relationship; Genetic variability; Genetic Variation; Geographical distribution; Husdjursvetenskap; Inbreeding; Iran; Male; Microsatellite Repeats; Microsatellites; Polymorphism; Population genetics; Statistical analysis; Turkey
• ISSN: 2053-1095; 2053-1095
• DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70004

Background The domestic cat (Felis catus) is a newly evolved species in the family Felidae that has developed some great features among mammals. It is critical to conserve these species and prevent inbreeding from reducing their genetic diversity by understanding their genetic relationships and applying the information to breeding management. The diverse population was an excellent choice for studying genetic diversity and inbreeding phenomena. Objectives To conduct this research, 128 individuals from 8 populations, including Azerbaijan, Persian, Ahar, Uermia, Tehran, Karaj, Turkish and Shop cat (both genders), were randomly selected from different geographical regions. We selected eight STR markers with different chromosomal locations based on polymorphism and observed allele numbers in the next step. DNA extraction was performed using tail hair root, PCR and electrophoresis, and gel staining was performed according to routine laboratory protocol. For statistical analysis, CONVERT versions POPGENE, ARLEQUIN GenAlEx and R script analysis. Results Remarkably, our results showed that 23 alleles were identified in 128 samples. The highest number of alleles belonged to the FCa096 locus (eight alleles) in the Persian population, followed by FCa045 (seven alleles) in the Persian and Ahar populations. Another new finding is that the lowest number of alleles belonged to the 35 and FCa77 locus (two alleles). In addition, pairwise differentiation between and within populations was examined using the genetic distance index. Overall, the results showed that the degree of differentiation within the population is high in the Turkish population compared to other population groups and lower in the Azerbaijan population. In addition, principal component discriminant analysis‐based analysis based on the ADAGENET package shows the distribution of samples by geographical location. The results show that genetic mixing between populations is high. Conclusions On this basis, we conclude that randomly bred domestic cats have a higher level of diversity than Persian domestic cats. This is an interesting topic for future work. This research surveyed 128 cats from 8 populations, including Azerbaijan, Persian, Ahar, Uremia, Tehran, Karaj, Turkish and pet shop. Eight STR markers were selected with different chromosomal locations based on polymorphism. DNA extraction using tail hair root and PCR was performed according to laboratory protocol. Results showed Persian cat population exhib