A Novel Chitosan Nanosponge as a Vehicle for Transepidermal Drug Delivery

Transepidermal drug delivery achieves high drug concentrations at the action site and ensures continuous drug delivery and better patient compliance with fewer adverse effects. However, drug delivery through topical application is still limited in terms of drug penetration. Chitosan is a promising e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics 2021-08, Vol.13 (9), p.1329
Main Authors: Lee, Jin Sil, Oh, Hyeryeon, Kim, Sunghyun, Lee, Jeung-Hoon, Shin, Yong Chul, Choi, Won Il
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
chitosan
Drug delivery systems
Drugs
Enzymes
Fibroblasts
Lipids
model drug
Molecular weight
Nanoparticles
nanosponge
Permeability
poloxamer
Polymers
Ratios
Skin
skin permeation
Spectrum analysis
Surfactants
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Summary:Transepidermal drug delivery achieves high drug concentrations at the action site and ensures continuous drug delivery and better patient compliance with fewer adverse effects. However, drug delivery through topical application is still limited in terms of drug penetration. Chitosan is a promising enhancer to overcome this constraint, as it can enhance drug diffusion by opening the tight junctions of the stratum corneum. Therefore, here, we developed a novel chitosan nanosponge (CNS) with an optimal ratio and molecular weight of chitosan to improve drug penetration through skin. To prepare the CNS, two types of chitosan (3 and 10 kDa) were each conjugated with poloxamer 407 using para-nitrophenyl chloroformate, and the products were mixed with poloxamer 407 at ratios of 5:5, 8:2, and 10:0. The resulting mixtures were molded to produce flexible soft nanosponges by simple nanoprecipitation. The CNSs were highly stable in biological buffer for four weeks and showed no toxicity in human dermal fibroblasts. The CNSs increased drug permeability through human cadaver skin in a Franz-type diffusion cell, with substantially higher permeability with 3 kDa chitosan at a ratio of 8:2. This suggests the applicability of the novel CNS as a promising carrier for efficient transepidermal drug delivery.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics13091329