Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Latin America

The PLATINO and PREPOCOL population-based studies documented the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in several Latin American (Mexico City, Sao Paulo, Montevideo, Santiago and Caracas) and Colombian (Medellin, Bogota, Barranquilla, Bucaramanga and Cali) cities. COPD ranged be...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of global health 2019-01, Vol.85 (1), p.7
Main Authors: Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Menezes, Ana Maria B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asthma
Biomass
Bronchodilators
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cigarette smoking
Cities
Developing countries
Diagnosis
Drug addiction
Estimates
Health services
LDCs
Lung diseases
Mortality
Observational studies
Phenotypes
Population studies
Population-based studies
Primary care
Quality control
Respiratory diseases
Review
Risk factors
Sea level
Smoking
Spirometry
Tobacco
Tobacco smoking
Urban areas
Vaccination
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Summary:The PLATINO and PREPOCOL population-based studies documented the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in several Latin American (Mexico City, Sao Paulo, Montevideo, Santiago and Caracas) and Colombian (Medellin, Bogota, Barranquilla, Bucaramanga and Cali) cities. COPD ranged between 6.2 and 19.6% in individuals ≥40 years of age, with substantial rates of underdiagnosis (up to 89%) but also overdiagnosis, mostly due to the lack of spirometric confirmation. The main risk factor was tobacco smoking, but male gender and age were also associated with COPD. COPD in never smokers represented about one third of the cases and was associated with previous history of tuberculosis or a diagnosis of asthma. COPD associated with biomass smoke exposure was a common clinical phenotype in Latin America, found as a risk factor in PREPOCOL and other observational studies in the region. Smoking has been decreasing in Latin America and efforts have been made to implement cleaner biomass stoves. Unfortunately, treatment of COPD in Latin America remains highly variable with low rates of smoking cessation counselling, low use of inhaled bronchodilators and influenza vaccination. A primary-care approach to COPD, particularly in the form of integrated programs is lacking but would be critical to improving rates of diagnosis and treatment of COPD.
ISSN:2214-9996
2214-9996
DOI:10.5334/aogh.2418