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Guanidinoacetic acid supplementation and stocking density effects on broiler performance: behavior, biochemistry, immunity, and small intestinal histomorphology
Rearing poultry under stressful high stocking density (HSD) conditions is a common commercial practice to increase profitability, despite its negative effects on broiler physiology and welfare. Many feed additives are used to alleviate the negative impact of such practices. This study investigated t...
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| Published in: | Acta veterinaria scandinavica 2024-12, Vol.66 (1), p.62-19 |
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| container_title | Acta veterinaria scandinavica |
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| creator | Alaa, Mohammad Abdel Razek, Abeer Hamada Tony, Mohamed Ahmed Yassin, Aya Mohye Warda, Mohamad Awad, Mohamed Ahmed Bawish, Basma Mohamed |
| description | Rearing poultry under stressful high stocking density (HSD) conditions is a common commercial practice to increase profitability, despite its negative effects on broiler physiology and welfare. Many feed additives are used to alleviate the negative impact of such practices. This study investigated the ameliorative effects of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on growth performance, ingestive behavior, immune response, antioxidant status, stress indicators, and intestinal histomorphometry of broilers subjected to HSD. A total of 364 male broilers were randomly allocated into four treatments with 7 replicates each in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: two stocking densities (SD) (10 and 16 birds/m
) and two GAA levels (0 and 0.6 g/kg feed).
Body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, production efficiency factor, dressing yield, and ingestive behavior were negatively affected by HSD, whereas the mortality rate was unaffected (P > 0.05). GAA improved the overall growth performance and dressing percentage (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s13028-024-00782-6 |
| format | article |
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) and two GAA levels (0 and 0.6 g/kg feed).
Body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, production efficiency factor, dressing yield, and ingestive behavior were negatively affected by HSD, whereas the mortality rate was unaffected (P > 0.05). GAA improved the overall growth performance and dressing percentage (P < 0.05). In the HSD group, the immune response decreased at d 21 (P < 0.05). Creatine kinase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase, catalase, triglycerides, and villus length and width (ileum) were reduced, whereas corticosterone (CORT) was increased (P < 0.05). Moreover, GAA increased the hemagglutination-inhibition titer at 21 days and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, GPX, and catalase and decreased the levels of creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, nitrite, triglycerides, and CORT (P < 0.05). SD and GAA did not affect malondialdehyde or other biochemical parameters (P > 0.05).
Dietary GAA supplementation can improve productivity and antioxidant status and reduce stress in broilers reared in a HSD environment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0044-605X</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1751-0147</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1751-0147</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s13028-024-00782-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39696598</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BioMed Central Ltd</publisher><subject>Animal Feed - analysis ; Animal Husbandry - methods ; Animals ; Antioxidants ; Antioxidants - metabolism ; Behavior ; Behavior, Animal - drug effects ; Biochemistry ; Broiler chickens ; Chickens - anatomy & histology ; Chickens - growth & development ; Chickens - immunology ; Chickens - physiology ; Costs (Law) ; Creatine ; Creatine kinase ; Diet - veterinary ; Dietary supplements ; Dietary Supplements - analysis ; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ; GAA ; Glycine - administration & dosage ; Glycine - analogs & derivatives ; Glycine - pharmacology ; Hemagglutination-inhibition test ; Immune response ; Ingestive behavior ; Intestine, Small - anatomy & histology ; Intestine, Small - drug effects ; Intestine, Small - physiology ; Male ; Oxidative stress ; Physiological aspects ; Population Density ; Random Allocation</subject><ispartof>Acta veterinaria scandinavica, 2024-12, Vol.66 (1), p.62-19</ispartof><rights>2024. The Author(s).</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2024 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><orcidid>0000-0002-5613-5743</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11654203/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11654203/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,37013,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39696598$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Alaa, Mohammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdel Razek, Abeer Hamada</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tony, Mohamed Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yassin, Aya Mohye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Warda, Mohamad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Awad, Mohamed Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bawish, Basma Mohamed</creatorcontrib><title>Guanidinoacetic acid supplementation and stocking density effects on broiler performance: behavior, biochemistry, immunity, and small intestinal histomorphology</title><title>Acta veterinaria scandinavica</title><addtitle>Acta Vet Scand</addtitle><description>Rearing poultry under stressful high stocking density (HSD) conditions is a common commercial practice to increase profitability, despite its negative effects on broiler physiology and welfare. Many feed additives are used to alleviate the negative impact of such practices. This study investigated the ameliorative effects of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on growth performance, ingestive behavior, immune response, antioxidant status, stress indicators, and intestinal histomorphometry of broilers subjected to HSD. A total of 364 male broilers were randomly allocated into four treatments with 7 replicates each in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: two stocking densities (SD) (10 and 16 birds/m
) and two GAA levels (0 and 0.6 g/kg feed).
Body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, production efficiency factor, dressing yield, and ingestive behavior were negatively affected by HSD, whereas the mortality rate was unaffected (P > 0.05). GAA improved the overall growth performance and dressing percentage (P < 0.05). In the HSD group, the immune response decreased at d 21 (P < 0.05). Creatine kinase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase, catalase, triglycerides, and villus length and width (ileum) were reduced, whereas corticosterone (CORT) was increased (P < 0.05). Moreover, GAA increased the hemagglutination-inhibition titer at 21 days and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, GPX, and catalase and decreased the levels of creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, nitrite, triglycerides, and CORT (P < 0.05). SD and GAA did not affect malondialdehyde or other biochemical parameters (P > 0.05).
Dietary GAA supplementation can improve productivity and antioxidant status and reduce stress in broilers reared in a HSD environment.</description><subject>Animal Feed - analysis</subject><subject>Animal Husbandry - methods</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Antioxidants - metabolism</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Behavior, Animal - drug effects</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Broiler chickens</subject><subject>Chickens - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Chickens - growth & development</subject><subject>Chickens - immunology</subject><subject>Chickens - physiology</subject><subject>Costs (Law)</subject><subject>Creatine</subject><subject>Creatine kinase</subject><subject>Diet - veterinary</subject><subject>Dietary supplements</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements - analysis</subject><subject>Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid</subject><subject>GAA</subject><subject>Glycine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Glycine - analogs & derivatives</subject><subject>Glycine - pharmacology</subject><subject>Hemagglutination-inhibition test</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Ingestive behavior</subject><subject>Intestine, Small - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Intestine, Small - drug effects</subject><subject>Intestine, Small - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Population Density</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><issn>0044-605X</issn><issn>1751-0147</issn><issn>1751-0147</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptks9qFTEUxgdR7LX6Ai4k4MbFnZr_M-NGStFaKLhRcDecSU7uTc0kY2amcN_GRzX1VrEgWYSc8-XHl--kql4yesZYq9_OTFDe1pTLmtKm5bV-VG1Yo1hNmWweVxtKpaw1Vd9OqmfzfFOOWnL9tDoRne606tpN9fNyheitjwkMLt4QMN6SeZ2mgCPGBRafIoFYaksy333cEYtx9suBoHNolpmU_pCTD5jJhNmlPEI0-I4MuIdbn_KWDD6ZPY5-XvJhS_w4rrEAtkfsCCEQHxecFx8hkH2RpTHlaZ9C2h2eV08chBlf3O-n1dePH75cfKqvP19eXZxf15ZLJWptndam4U4ryXljmGsBOolGIh_ANU1nik51DlkzUDZoqTsqmOPWtGiVEafV1ZFrE9z0U_Yj5EOfwPe_CynvesgloIB914BlRohWD1bKthuUpsIxB8oyRw0trPdH1rQOI1pTcswQHkAfdqLf97t02zN2Z5-KQnhzT8jpx1qi6Ut6BkOAiGmde1EGzATnLSvS10fpDoo3H10qSHMn789bThVvVKeL6uw_qrJsmYtJEV0Z4MMLr_59w1_zf76O-AWcR8qZ</recordid><startdate>20241218</startdate><enddate>20241218</enddate><creator>Alaa, Mohammad</creator><creator>Abdel Razek, Abeer Hamada</creator><creator>Tony, Mohamed Ahmed</creator><creator>Yassin, Aya Mohye</creator><creator>Warda, Mohamad</creator><creator>Awad, Mohamed Ahmed</creator><creator>Bawish, Basma Mohamed</creator><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><general>BioMed Central</general><general>BMC</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5613-5743</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241218</creationdate><title>Guanidinoacetic acid supplementation and stocking density effects on broiler performance: behavior, biochemistry, immunity, and small intestinal histomorphology</title><author>Alaa, Mohammad ; Abdel Razek, Abeer Hamada ; Tony, Mohamed Ahmed ; Yassin, Aya Mohye ; Warda, Mohamad ; Awad, Mohamed Ahmed ; Bawish, Basma Mohamed</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-d2453-6df66c72f654227c1f8aa94ec4e2baf779c24559fe17b01b6469031f2dc8ed5c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Animal Feed - analysis</topic><topic>Animal Husbandry - methods</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Antioxidants - metabolism</topic><topic>Behavior</topic><topic>Behavior, Animal - drug effects</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Broiler chickens</topic><topic>Chickens - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Chickens - growth & development</topic><topic>Chickens - immunology</topic><topic>Chickens - physiology</topic><topic>Costs (Law)</topic><topic>Creatine</topic><topic>Creatine kinase</topic><topic>Diet - veterinary</topic><topic>Dietary supplements</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements - analysis</topic><topic>Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid</topic><topic>GAA</topic><topic>Glycine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Glycine - analogs & derivatives</topic><topic>Glycine - pharmacology</topic><topic>Hemagglutination-inhibition test</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Ingestive behavior</topic><topic>Intestine, Small - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Intestine, Small - drug effects</topic><topic>Intestine, Small - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Oxidative stress</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Population Density</topic><topic>Random Allocation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Alaa, Mohammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdel Razek, Abeer Hamada</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tony, Mohamed Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yassin, Aya Mohye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Warda, Mohamad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Awad, Mohamed Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bawish, Basma Mohamed</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>Open Access: DOAJ - Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Acta veterinaria scandinavica</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alaa, Mohammad</au><au>Abdel Razek, Abeer Hamada</au><au>Tony, Mohamed Ahmed</au><au>Yassin, Aya Mohye</au><au>Warda, Mohamad</au><au>Awad, Mohamed Ahmed</au><au>Bawish, Basma Mohamed</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Guanidinoacetic acid supplementation and stocking density effects on broiler performance: behavior, biochemistry, immunity, and small intestinal histomorphology</atitle><jtitle>Acta veterinaria scandinavica</jtitle><addtitle>Acta Vet Scand</addtitle><date>2024-12-18</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>66</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>62</spage><epage>19</epage><pages>62-19</pages><issn>0044-605X</issn><issn>1751-0147</issn><eissn>1751-0147</eissn><abstract>Rearing poultry under stressful high stocking density (HSD) conditions is a common commercial practice to increase profitability, despite its negative effects on broiler physiology and welfare. Many feed additives are used to alleviate the negative impact of such practices. This study investigated the ameliorative effects of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on growth performance, ingestive behavior, immune response, antioxidant status, stress indicators, and intestinal histomorphometry of broilers subjected to HSD. A total of 364 male broilers were randomly allocated into four treatments with 7 replicates each in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: two stocking densities (SD) (10 and 16 birds/m
) and two GAA levels (0 and 0.6 g/kg feed).
Body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, production efficiency factor, dressing yield, and ingestive behavior were negatively affected by HSD, whereas the mortality rate was unaffected (P > 0.05). GAA improved the overall growth performance and dressing percentage (P < 0.05). In the HSD group, the immune response decreased at d 21 (P < 0.05). Creatine kinase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase, catalase, triglycerides, and villus length and width (ileum) were reduced, whereas corticosterone (CORT) was increased (P < 0.05). Moreover, GAA increased the hemagglutination-inhibition titer at 21 days and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, GPX, and catalase and decreased the levels of creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, nitrite, triglycerides, and CORT (P < 0.05). SD and GAA did not affect malondialdehyde or other biochemical parameters (P > 0.05).
Dietary GAA supplementation can improve productivity and antioxidant status and reduce stress in broilers reared in a HSD environment.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>39696598</pmid><doi>10.1186/s13028-024-00782-6</doi><tpages>19</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5613-5743</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 0044-605X 1751-0147 1751-0147 |
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| source | Open Access: PubMed Central; Publicly Available Content Database |
| subjects | Animal Feed - analysis Animal Husbandry - methods Animals Antioxidants Antioxidants - metabolism Behavior Behavior, Animal - drug effects Biochemistry Broiler chickens Chickens - anatomy & histology Chickens - growth & development Chickens - immunology Chickens - physiology Costs (Law) Creatine Creatine kinase Diet - veterinary Dietary supplements Dietary Supplements - analysis Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid GAA Glycine - administration & dosage Glycine - analogs & derivatives Glycine - pharmacology Hemagglutination-inhibition test Immune response Ingestive behavior Intestine, Small - anatomy & histology Intestine, Small - drug effects Intestine, Small - physiology Male Oxidative stress Physiological aspects Population Density Random Allocation |
| title | Guanidinoacetic acid supplementation and stocking density effects on broiler performance: behavior, biochemistry, immunity, and small intestinal histomorphology |
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