Thymic adenocarcinoma presenting as an incidental mediastinal mass

Background Primary thymic adenocarcinoma represents an exceptionally rare malignancy, for which the cornerstone of therapy is margin-negative resection, with radiation and systemic therapy reserved for invasive and advanced disease. Thymic adenocarcinoma has not been previously reported in the setti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cardiothoracic surgery 2022-10, Vol.17 (1), p.1-257, Article 257
Main Authors: O'Shea, Anne E, Nissen, Alexander P, Bowen, Donnell K, Barnett, Taylor L, Gustafson, Joshua D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute myeloid leukemia
Adenocarcinoma
Antigens
Biopsy
Blast crisis
Bone marrow
Cancer
Case Report
Chemotherapy
Coronary vessels
Cytokeratin
Cytotoxicity
Health aspects
Hematopoietic stem cells
Invasiveness
Leukemia
Malignancy
Mutation
Next-generation sequencing
Pathology
Radiation
Stem cells
Thymectomy
Thymic adenocarcinoma
Thymus
Thymus gland
Tomography
Transcription factors
Transplantation
Tumor markers
Tumors
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Summary:Background Primary thymic adenocarcinoma represents an exceptionally rare malignancy, for which the cornerstone of therapy is margin-negative resection, with radiation and systemic therapy reserved for invasive and advanced disease. Thymic adenocarcinoma has not been previously reported in the setting of a concomitant malignancy, as reported herein. Case presentation We present a case of a 55-year-old previously healthy male diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, also found to have a mediastinal mass. Evaluation of the mediastinal mass with tumor markers, biopsies, and next-generation sequencing proved non-diagnostic, while he was simultaneously treated with induction chemotherapy to prevent leukemia-related blast crisis. After completing and recovering from induction chemotherapy, he underwent successful thymectomy during a chemotherapy holiday, with a margin-negative resection of thymic adenocarcinoma. He has subsequently recovered and undergone successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Conclusions We present a case of synchronous adult acute myeloid leukemia and primary thymic adenocarcinoma requiring a tailored approach for management of simultaneous malignancies. Keywords: Thymus, Thymic adenocarcinoma, Thymectomy, Acute myeloid leukemia
ISSN:1749-8090
1749-8090
DOI:10.1186/s13019-022-02000-8