COVID-19 Shuts Doors to Flu but Keeps Them Open to Rhinoviruses

It is well known that rhinoviruses are distributed across the globe and are the most common cause of the common cold in all age groups. Rhinoviruses are widely considered to be harmless because they are generally perceived as respiratory viruses only capable of causing mild disease. However, they ma...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biology (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-07, Vol.10 (8), p.733
Main Authors: Kiseleva, Irina, Ksenafontov, Andrey
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
acute viral respiratory infections
Asthma
Bronchopneumonia
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Common cold
Comparative analysis
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
epidemics
Epidemiology
Infectious diseases
Influenza
Interferon
Lung diseases
Obstructive lung disease
Pandemics
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory tract diseases
Review
Rhinovirus
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Viruses
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Summary:It is well known that rhinoviruses are distributed across the globe and are the most common cause of the common cold in all age groups. Rhinoviruses are widely considered to be harmless because they are generally perceived as respiratory viruses only capable of causing mild disease. However, they may also infect the lower respiratory tract, inducing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and exacerbations of asthma, bronchiolitis, etc. The role of rhinoviruses in pathogenesis and the epidemiological process is underestimated, and they need to be intensively studied. In the light of recent data, it is now known that rhinoviruses could be one of the key epidemiological barriers that may influence the spread of influenza and novel coronaviruses. It has been reported that endemic human rhinoviruses delayed the development of the H1N1pdm09 influenza pandemic through viral interference. Moreover, human rhinoviruses have been suggested to block SARS-CoV-2 replication in the airways by triggering an interferon response. In this review, we summarized the main biological characteristics of genetically distinct viruses such as rhinoviruses, influenza viruses, and SARS-CoV-2 in an attempt to illuminate their main discrepancies and similarities. We hope that this comparative analysis will help us to better understand in which direction research in this area should move.
ISSN:2079-7737
2079-7737
DOI:10.3390/biology10080733