Cell Therapy Based on Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Seeded in a Xenogeneic Collagen Matrix for Root Coverage of RT1 Gingival Lesions: An In Vivo Experimental Study

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2022-03, Vol.23 (6), p.3248
• Main Authors: Sanchez, Nerea, Vignoletti, Fabio, Sanz-Martin, Ignacio, Coca, Alejandro, Nuñez, Javier, Maldonado, Estela, Sanz-Esporrin, Javier, Hernando-Pradíes, Irene, Santamaría, Silvia, Herrera, David, Garcia-Sanz, Jose A, Sanz, Mariano
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antigens; Autografts; Bone growth; Cell therapy; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Cementum; Collagen; Collagen - therapeutic use; Connective Tissue; Dehiscence; Dogs; Fibroblasts; Fluorescence; Gingiva; gingiva-derived stem cells; gingival recession; Gingival Recession - drug therapy; Gingival Recession - surgery; Green fluorescent protein; In vivo methods and tests; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; mesenchymal stromal cells; Osteogenesis; Recession; Skin & tissue grafts; soft tissue regeneration; Statistical analysis; Stem cells; Tooth Root; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063248

(1) Background: To investigate the effect of a xenogeneic collagen matrix (CMX) seeded with autologous gingiva-derived mesenchymal cells (GMSCs) when combined with a coronally advanced flap (CAF) in the treatment of localized gingival recession type 1 (RT1). (2) Methods: Dehiscence-type defects were created in seven dogs. GMSCs were isolated, transfected with a vector carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) and expanded. Once chronified, the defects were randomly treated with (1) CAF plus the combination of CMX and GFP GMSCs, (2) CAF plus CMX with autologous fibroblasts, (3) CAF plus CMX and (4) CAF alone. Histological and clinical outcomes at 2- and 6-week healing periods were analyzed and compared among groups. (3) Results: Histologically, the addition of autologous cells to the CMX resulted in reduced inflammation and a variable degree of new cementum/bone formation. CMX plus GMSCs resulted in greater mean recession reduction (1.42; SD = 1.88 mm) and percentage of teeth with recession reduction of ≥2 mm (57%) when compared to the other groups, although these differences were not statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: The histometric and clinical results indicated a positive trend favouring the combination of CMX and GMSCs with the CAF when compared to the groups without cells, although these differences were not statistically significant.