The Role of Histone Methyltransferases and Long Non-coding RNAs in the Regulation of T Cell Fate Decisions

T cell lineage decisions are critical for the development of proper immune responses to pathogens as well as important for the resolution of inflammatory responses. This differentiation process relies on a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors converging upon epigenetic regulation of transc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in immunology 2018-12, Vol.9, p.2955-2955
Main Authors: Gaballa, Joseph M, Braga Neto, Manuel Bonfim, Ramos, Guilherme Piovezani, Bamidele, Adebowale O, Gonzalez, Michelle M, Sagstetter, Mary R, Sarmento, Olga F, Faubion, Jr, William A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cell Differentiation - genetics
Cell Differentiation - immunology
Clinical Trials as Topic
DNA Methylation - immunology
Epigenesis, Genetic - immunology
epigenetics
EZH2
G9a
Gene Expression Regulation - immunology
Genetic Therapy - methods
Histone Code
Histone Methyltransferases - metabolism
Histones - genetics
Histones - immunology
Humans
Immune System Diseases - immunology
Immune System Diseases - surgery
Immunology
long non-coding RNAs
Neoplasms - immunology
Neoplasms - therapy
PRC1
PRC2
RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
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Summary:T cell lineage decisions are critical for the development of proper immune responses to pathogens as well as important for the resolution of inflammatory responses. This differentiation process relies on a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors converging upon epigenetic regulation of transcriptional networks relevant to specific T cell lineages. As these biochemical modifications represent therapeutic opportunities in cancer biology and autoimmunity, implications of writers and readers of epigenetic marks to immune cell differentiation and function are highly relevant. Given the ready adoption of histone methyltransferase inhibitors in the clinic, we focus this review on the role of three histone modifying complexes: PRC-1, PRC-2, and G9A in modulating T cell fate decisions. Furthermore, we explore the role of long non-coding RNAs in regulating these processes, and discuss recent advances and challenges of implementing epigenetic therapies into clinical practice.
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02955