The Role of Inflammasome Activation in Early HIV Infection

The inflammasome pathway is an important arm of the innate immune system that provides antiviral immunity against many viruses. The main pathways involved in virus infections include the NLRP3, IFI16, and AIM2 pathways. However, a succinct understanding of its role in HIV is not yet well elucidated....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of immunology research 2021, Vol.2021, p.1487287-7
Main Authors: Ekabe, Cyril Jabea, Clinton, Njinju Asaba, Kehbila, Jules, Franck, Ngangom Chouamo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Bacteria
Disease
DNA, Viral - genetics
DNA, Viral - immunology
DNA, Viral - metabolism
DNA-Binding Proteins - immunology
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
HIV
HIV Infections - immunology
HIV Infections - metabolism
HIV Infections - virology
HIV-1 - genetics
HIV-1 - immunology
HIV-1 - physiology
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Immune system
Immunity, Innate - immunology
Immunology
Infections
Inflammasomes
Inflammasomes - immunology
Inflammasomes - metabolism
Inflammation
Innate immunity
Interferon
Lymphocytes
Mutation
NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein - immunology
NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein - metabolism
Nuclear Proteins - immunology
Nuclear Proteins - metabolism
Phosphoproteins - immunology
Phosphoproteins - metabolism
Polymerization
Potassium
Proteins
Pyroptosis
Review
Sensors
Signal Transduction - immunology
Transcription
Viral infections
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Summary:The inflammasome pathway is an important arm of the innate immune system that provides antiviral immunity against many viruses. The main pathways involved in virus infections include the NLRP3, IFI16, and AIM2 pathways. However, a succinct understanding of its role in HIV is not yet well elucidated. In this review, we showed that NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays a vital role in inhibiting HIV entry into target cells via the purinergic pathway; IFI16 detects intracellular HIV ssDNA, triggers interferon I and III production, and inhibits HIV transcription; and AIM2 binds to HIV dsDNA and triggers acute inflammation and pyroptosis. Remarkably, by understanding these mechanisms, new therapeutic strategies can be developed against the disease.
ISSN:2314-8861
2314-7156
DOI:10.1155/2021/1487287