Withaferin A: A Pleiotropic Anticancer Agent from the Indian Medicinal Plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal

Cancer represents the second most deadly disease and one of the most important public health concerns worldwide. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immune therapy are the major types of treatment strategies that have been implemented in cancer treatment. Unfortunately, these treatment opt...

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Published in:Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-01, Vol.16 (2), p.160
Main Authors: Kumar, Suneel, Mathew, Stephen O, Aharwal, Ravindra Prasad, Tulli, Hardeep Singh, Mohan, Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya, Sethi, Gautam, Ahn, Kwang-Seok, Webber, Kassidy, Sandhu, Sardul Singh, Bishayee, Anupam
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
apoptosis
Biosynthesis
Cancer
Carbon
Cell cycle
chemoresistance
Chromatography
Enzymes
formulations
Kinases
Phosphorylation
Phytochemicals
Review
Signal transduction
withaferin A
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Summary:Cancer represents the second most deadly disease and one of the most important public health concerns worldwide. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immune therapy are the major types of treatment strategies that have been implemented in cancer treatment. Unfortunately, these treatment options suffer from major limitations, such as drug-resistance and adverse effects, which may eventually result in disease recurrence. Many phytochemicals have been investigated for their antitumor efficacy in preclinical models and clinical studies to discover newer therapeutic agents with fewer adverse effects. Withaferin A, a natural bioactive molecule isolated from the Indian medicinal plant (L.) Dunal, has been reported to impart anticancer activities against various cancer cell lines and preclinical cancer models by modulating the expression and activity of different oncogenic proteins. In this article, we have comprehensively discussed the biosynthesis of withaferin A as well as its antineoplastic activities and mode-of-action in in vitro and in vivo settings. We have also reviewed the effect of withaferin A on the expression of miRNAs, its combinational effect with other cytotoxic agents, withaferin A-based formulations, safety and toxicity profiles, and its clinical potential.
ISSN:1424-8247
1424-8247
DOI:10.3390/ph16020160