Developments in human growth hormone preparations: sustained-release, prolonged half-life, novel injection devices, and alternative delivery routes

Since the availability of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) enabled the application of human growth hormone both in clinical and research use in the 1980s, millions of patients were prescribed a daily injection of rhGH, but noncompliance rates were high. To address the problem of noncompliance...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of nanomedicine 2014-01, Vol.9 (Issue 1), p.3527-3538
Main Authors: Cai, Yunpeng, Xu, Mingxin, Yuan, Minglu, Liu, Zhenguo, Yuan, Weien
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Complications and side effects
Delayed-Action Preparations - administration & dosage
Delayed-Action Preparations - chemistry
Dosage and administration
Drug Delivery Systems - instrumentation
Drug Delivery Systems - methods
Human Growth Hormone - administration & dosage
Human Growth Hormone - chemistry
Humans
hydrogel
Hydrogels
intranasal
microneedle
microsphere
Models, Molecular
Nanoparticles
Physiological aspects
pulmonary
Review
Somatotropin
transdermal
Transdermal medication
Zinc
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Summary:Since the availability of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) enabled the application of human growth hormone both in clinical and research use in the 1980s, millions of patients were prescribed a daily injection of rhGH, but noncompliance rates were high. To address the problem of noncompliance, numerous studies have been carried out, involving: sustained-release preparations, prolonged half-life derivatives, new injectors that cause less pain, and other noninvasive delivery methods such as intranasal, pulmonary and transdermal deliveries. Some accomplishments have been made and launched already, such as the Nutropin Depot microsphere and injectors (Zomajet, Serojet, and NordiFlex). Here, we provide a review of the different technologies and illustrate the key points of these studies to achieve an improved rhGH product.
ISSN:1178-2013
1176-9114
1178-2013
DOI:10.2147/IJN.S63507