Trend of the lipid profile in a cohort with severe hypercholesterolemia in Osona county (Barcelona, Spain), between 2009 and 2021

• Published in: BMC public health 2025-01, Vol.25 (1), p.331-10, Article 331
• Main Authors: Prat-Quinzaños, Jordi, Deniel-Rosanas, Joan, Roura-Poch, Pere, Casas-Capdevila, Maria-Àngels, Farré-Guerrero, Victor
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Cardiology; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Cholesterol; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dyslipidemia; Female; Heart diseases; High density lipoprotein; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia; Hypercholesterolemia - drug therapy; Hypercholesterolemia - epidemiology; Hypolipidemic Agents - therapeutic use; Information systems; Laboratories; Lipid-lowering treatment; Lipids; Lipids - blood; Low density lipoprotein; Male; Middle Aged; Mortality; Primary care; Severe hypercholesterolemia; Severity of Illness Index; Sexes; Spain - epidemiology; Statistical analysis; Triglycerides; Womens health
• ISSN: 1471-2458; 1471-2458
• DOI: 10.1186/s12889-025-21294-6

Various studies confirm that the prevalence of dyslipidemia and other cardiovascular factors is high. To evaluate the trend of the lipid profile (LP) in a cohort with severe hypercholesterolemia and its relationship with lipid-lowering treatment during the period 2009-2021. Cross-sectional study carried out in the Osona county (Barcelona). Outpatients from the first period (2009-2011) who were aged between 25 and 65 years and had severe hypercholesterolemia were selected (n = 2,608). In a second period (2019-2021), these patients (n = 1,855) were followed up to evaluate the trend of LP and its relationship with lipid-lowering treatment. The Student's T-test (paired data) was used to identify differences between observations from the two periods. Lipid-lowering treatment was prescribed to 61.9% of patients. The group of patients of the cohort improved the data of the mean results of the LP. Approximately 75% of cases were unable to establish their cholesterol and atherogenic fraction values. The prescription of lipid-lowering treatment in the cardiovascular disease group (CVD) was 80.9% vs 61.9% of the total cohort. Three out of four cases failed to reduce the levels of LDL-C and non-HDL-C, recommended by the guidelines of scientific societies. Primary Care is the ideal framework to implement improvement strategies to control severe hypercholesterolemia, and it is therefore essential to strengthen it.