Co-design and feasibility of a pharmacist-led minor ailment service

• Published in: BMC health services research 2021-01, Vol.21 (1), p.80-80, Article 80
• Main Authors: Dineen-Griffin, Sarah, Benrimoj, Shalom I, Williams, Kylie A, Garcia-Cardenas, Victoria
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Activities of daily living; Australia; Clinical practice guidelines; Co-design; Colds; Community health services; Community pharmacy; Community Pharmacy Services; Drug stores; Emergency medical care; Evaluation; Feasibility; Feasibility Studies; Focus Groups; Health care policy; Health services; Humans; Literature reviews; Management; Minor ailment services; Patients; Pharmaceutical services; Pharmacists; Primary care; Professional Role; Qualitative research; Self-care; Self-medication; Stakeholders
• ISSN: 1472-6963; 1472-6963
• DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06076-1

Community pharmacies provide an appropriate setting to deliver minor ailment services (MASs). Many community pharmacy services have been developed previously without stakeholder involvement. As a result, implementation of services may fail to produce the expected impact. The aim of this research was to co-design and test the feasibility of an Australian MAS for minor ailment presentations. This study used co-design methodology which included two phases: (1) a focus group with stakeholders to allow the conceptualization of the service and agreement on service elements; (2) a literature review of clinical guidelines and three working meetings with a team of editors and general practitioners for the development of treatment pathways. Following this, a study evaluating the feasibility of the co-designed service was undertaken. The qualitative part of the methodology associated with the feasibility study comprised semi-structured interviews with MAS pharmacists, observation and completion of a tool by change facilitators identifying barriers and facilitators to service delivery. Qualitative data obtained for all phases were analysed using thematic analysis. The developed service included the following components: (i) an in-pharmacy consultation between the patient and pharmacist, (ii) treatment pathways accessible to pharmacists on the internet to guide consultations, (iii) existing digital communication systems used by general practice to exchange patient information, (iv) training, and (v) change facilitation. As a result of feasibility testing, twenty-six implementation factors were identified for practice change, with the main change being the simplification of the pharmacist-patient consultation and data collection processes. An Australian MAS was generated as a result of co-design, while testing revealed that the co-designed service was feasible. As a result of integrating the views of multiple stakeholders, the designed MAS has been adapted to suit healthcare practices, which may increase the acceptance and impact of MAS when implemented into practice.