Does calcium channel blockade have a role in prevention of expression of sepsis in renal transplant recipients?

Many antihypertensive agents have been demonstrated to assist in preservation of kidney function, among them those that modulate calcium channels. Calcium channel blockers may also be of value in protecting hemodialysis patients from complications of sepsis. In diabetic recipients of kidney transpla...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease 2016-01, Vol.9, p.291-295
Main Authors: D'Elia, John A, Gleason, Ray E, Monaco, Anthony P, Weinrauch, Larry A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antihypertensives
Calcium channel blockers
Diabetes
Dosage and administration
Hemodialysis
Hospitals
Hypertension
Kidney transplantation
Medical research
Plasmodium falciparum
Pneumonia
Renal transplant Transplantation Sepsis Calcium channel blockade
Review
Sepsis
Studies
Transplants & implants
Tropical diseases
Tuberculosis
Vitamin D
Vitamin deficiency
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Summary:Many antihypertensive agents have been demonstrated to assist in preservation of kidney function, among them those that modulate calcium channels. Calcium channel blockers may also be of value in protecting hemodialysis patients from complications of sepsis. In diabetic recipients of kidney transplant allografts treated with cyclosporine, calcium channel blockade has been retrospectively linked to improved graft preservation and to fewer episodes of sepsis. This brief review outlines clinical and experimental publications on potential protection from sepsis by addition of calcium channel blockers to standard antibiotic therapy in individuals who may or may not have normal kidney function, or in the presence or absence of immunosuppression. Such mechanisms include blockade of antibiotic cytosolic extrusion in the cases of Pneumococci, , malaria, or ; blockade of the calcineurin/calmodulin pathway (in immunosuppressed patients allowing for lower dosage of cyclosporine); stabilization of calcium movement at the level of sarcoplasmic reticulum by which shock (vasopressor instability) is prevented; or of cytosolic calcium influx and cell death (in the case of allograft acute tubular necrosis). Given the high cost of development of new antibiotics, a role for generic calcium channel blockade in sepsis prevention should be pursued by additional studies to investigate potential links between blockade of calcium channels and expression of sepsis in at-risk populations.
ISSN:1178-7058
1178-7058
DOI:10.2147/IJNRD.S121492