Vitamin D Deficiency in Both Oral and Systemic Manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Updated Review

• Published in: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Lithuania), 2022-12, Vol.59 (1), p.68
• Main Authors: Pinzariu, Alin Constantin, Sova, Ivona Andreea, Maranduca, Minela Aida, Filip, Nina, Drochioi, Ilie Cristian, Vamesu, Calin George, Clim, Andreea, Hurjui, Loredana Liliana, Moscalu, Mihaela, Soroceanu, Radu Petru, Serban, Dragomir Nicolae, Serban, Ionela Lacramioara
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Body fat; coronavirus; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - complications; COVID-19 - epidemiology; Diabetes; Diet; Humans; Immune system; Infections; Insulin; Laboratory animals; Liver; Metabolism; Pandemics; Pandemics - prevention & control; prevention; Public health; Review; SARS-CoV-2; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Skin; Sun; systemic manifestations; Vitamin D; Vitamin D - therapeutic use; Vitamin D Deficiency - drug therapy; Vitamin deficiency; Vitamins
• ISSN: 1648-9144; 1010-660X; 1648-9144
• DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010068

The specialized literature emphasizes the fact that vitamin D has a potentially beneficial effect in the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this article is to highlight the role of vitamin D, both prophylactic and curative, in the treatment of patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Even though its relevance is still unknown and causes various controversies, there is currently no specific treatment for patients diagnosed with COVID-19. There are various prevention strategies with new vaccination schedules, but additional randomized and clinical trials are still needed to combat this pandemic. In addition to the systemic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection, oral manifestations of this disease have also been described in the literature. The etiology of oral manifestations associated with COVID-19 infection and vitamin D deficiency remains controversial. In the present studies, oral manifestations such as salivary gland infections, aphthae, erythema, gingivitis, ulcers, etc. have been reported. This is a new topic, and the prevalence of manifestations is described in only a few studies, which is inconsistent with the number of COVID-19 cases reported since the beginning of the pandemic. The clinical symptomatology in patients with current COVID-19 infection is polymorphic. Whether the oral manifestation is directly caused by SARS-CoV-2 or a secondary manifestation remains an important topic to analyze and discuss.