Insights into vaccines for elderly individuals: from the impacts of immunosenescence to delivery strategies

Immunosenescence increases the risk and severity of diseases in elderly individuals and leads to impaired vaccine-induced immunity. With aging of the global population and the emerging risk of epidemics, developing adjuvants and vaccines for elderly individuals to improve their immune protection is...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:npj vaccines 2024-04, Vol.9 (1), p.77-77, Article 77
Main Authors: Hou, Yingying, Chen, Min, Bian, Yuan, Hu, Yuan, Chuan, Junlan, Zhong, Lei, Zhu, Yuxuan, Tong, Rongsheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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631/250/590/2291
Aging
Antigens
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Chronic illnesses
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytokines
Dendritic cells
Disease
Epidemics
Health care
Immunology
Infections
Infectious Diseases
Influenza
Lymphatic system
Lymphocytes
Medical Microbiology
Older people
Pathogens
Peptides
Population
Public Health
R&D
Research & development
Review
Review Article
T cell receptors
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Tumors
Vaccine
Vaccines
Viral infections
Virology
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Summary:Immunosenescence increases the risk and severity of diseases in elderly individuals and leads to impaired vaccine-induced immunity. With aging of the global population and the emerging risk of epidemics, developing adjuvants and vaccines for elderly individuals to improve their immune protection is pivotal for healthy aging worldwide. Deepening our understanding of the role of immunosenescence in vaccine efficacy could accelerate research focused on optimizing vaccine delivery for elderly individuals. In this review, we analyzed the characteristics of immunosenescence at the cellular and molecular levels. Strategies to improve vaccination potency in elderly individuals are summarized, including increasing the antigen dose, preparing multivalent antigen vaccines, adding appropriate adjuvants, inhibiting chronic inflammation, and inhibiting immunosenescence. We hope that this review can provide a review of new findings with regards to the impacts of immunosenescence on vaccine-mediated protection and inspire the development of individualized vaccines for elderly individuals.
ISSN:2059-0105
2059-0105
DOI:10.1038/s41541-024-00874-4