Modulating Brain Activity with Invasive Brain-Computer Interface: A Narrative Review

Brain-computer interface (BCI) can be used as a real-time bidirectional information gateway between the brain and machines. In particular, rapid progress in invasive BCI, propelled by recent developments in electrode materials, miniature and power-efficient electronics, and neural signal decoding te...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brain sciences 2023-01, Vol.13 (1), p.134
Main Authors: Zhao, Zhi-Ping, Nie, Chuang, Jiang, Cheng-Teng, Cao, Sheng-Hao, Tian, Kai-Xi, Yu, Shan, Gu, Jian-Wen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
BCI
Brain
Computer applications
decode
Deep brain stimulation
Electrical stimuli
Electrodes
Electroencephalography
encode
ICMS
Implants
invasive
modulate
Neurosciences
Review
Reviews
Robotics
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Summary:Brain-computer interface (BCI) can be used as a real-time bidirectional information gateway between the brain and machines. In particular, rapid progress in invasive BCI, propelled by recent developments in electrode materials, miniature and power-efficient electronics, and neural signal decoding technologies has attracted wide attention. In this review, we first introduce the concepts of neuronal signal decoding and encoding that are fundamental for information exchanges in BCI. Then, we review the history and recent advances in invasive BCI, particularly through studies using neural signals for controlling external devices on one hand, and modulating brain activity on the other hand. Specifically, regarding modulating brain activity, we focus on two types of techniques, applying electrical stimulation to cortical and deep brain tissues, respectively. Finally, we discuss the related ethical issues concerning the clinical application of this emerging technology.
ISSN:2076-3425
2076-3425
DOI:10.3390/brainsci13010134